Hepimiz parkta kitap okuyoruz.

We are all reading books in the park.

Breakdown of Hepimiz parkta kitap okuyoruz.

• kitap: the book
• okumak: to read
• park: the park
• -ta: in
• hepimiz: we all

Questions & Answers about Hepimiz parkta kitap okuyoruz.

What does Hepimiz mean and how is it different from Biz?

Hepimiz means all of us – it stresses that every member of the group is included.
Biz simply means we, without emphasising “all.”

How is parkta formed and why is there no apostrophe? Also, how would I say “to the park” or “from the park”?

park (noun root) + locative suffix -ta = parkta (“in/at the park”). Turkish obeys vowel and consonant harmony: since park has the back vowel a, we attach -ta (not -de). No apostrophe is used for common nouns; apostrophes appear only with proper names (e.g. İstanbul’da).
To express other cases:
• “to the park” → dative -a/–(y)a → parka
• “from the park” → ablative -dan/–(y)dan → parktan

Why is there no article (a/an/the) before kitap? And how would I say “a book” or “the book”?

Turkish lacks separate indefinite/definite articles. A bare noun is indefinite by default.
• “a book” → add bir: bir kitap
• “the book” → context usually suffices, or use a demonstrative: o kitap (“that book”)

Why isn’t kitap in the accusative case (i.e., kitabı)?

The accusative suffix -ı/-i/-u/-ü marks a definite, specific object. Here kitap is general/indefinite (“books/a book in general”), so it remains unmarked. If you meant a particular book, say bir kitabı okuyoruz or o kitabı okuyoruz.

What does okuyoruz consist of grammatically?

It breaks down as:
• oku- : verb root “read”
• -yor : continuous/progressive aspect
• -uz : 1st person plural suffix “we”
Together okuyoruz = “we are reading.”

Why is the present continuous used instead of a simple present?

Turkish distinguishes ongoing vs habitual:
• oku-ruz (simple present) expresses habitual/general truths: “we read books (as a habit).”
• oku-yor-uz (continuous) describes actions in progress: “we are reading (right now).”

Can we drop hepimiz or biz since the verb ending already marks “we”?

Yes. Subject pronouns are optional because the verb suffix -uz indicates “we.”
• Parkta kitap okuyoruz still means “we are reading books in the park.”
Adding hepimiz or biz simply emphasises “all of us” or clarifies “we” (vs “you”).

Is the word order fixed? Could I say Kitap parkta okuyoruz hepimiz?

The neutral order is Subject/Topic – Object – Verb, with adverbials (like parkta) before the verb:
Hepimiz parkta kitap okuyoruz.
You can move elements for emphasis, but random reordering (e.g. Kitap parkta okuyoruz hepimiz) sounds unnatural and may confuse listeners.