Learn Hardcore Turkish: İş başvurusu yapmak için gerekli belgeleri hazırladım ve üniversite başvuruları son tarihte tamamlanmalı. - I prepared the necessary documents to apply for a job, and university applications must be completed by the deadline.

İçin means “for” or “in order to” and is used here to indicate the purpose of the action. In this case, it shows that the documents were prepared for the purpose of making a job application.

How is the phrase "iş başvurusu yapmak" structured, and what does it mean?

The phrase is composed of iş başvurusu, which literally means “job application” (a fixed compound noun), followed by yapmak, meaning “to do” or “to make.” Together they form the expression “to apply for a job.”

How is the past action “I prepared” expressed in the sentence, and what does hazırladım indicate?

Hazırladım is the first-person singular simple past form of the verb hazırlamak (“to prepare”). It indicates that the speaker completed the action of preparing the necessary documents in the past.

Why does belgeleri have the suffix -leri, and what does this indicate?

The word belge (document) is made plural as belgeler. The addition of the accusative/determiner suffix -i (yielding belgeleri) signifies that these documents are definite and specific—akin to saying “the necessary documents” in English.

How does the form tamamlanmalı express obligation in the second clause?

Tamamlanmalı is formed from the verb tamamlamak (“to complete”) with the necessity suffix -malı attached. This modal form is used to express that something must or should be completed; in this sentence, it means “must be completed.”

What does the phrase son tarihte mean, and how is it used in the sentence?

Son tarihte combines son (“last” or “final”) with tarihte, which is the locative case of tarih (“date”). It designates the deadline by indicating that the university applications need to be completed by the final date.

Why do the two parts of the sentence use different verb forms and tenses?

The sentence links two clauses with ve (“and”). The first clause uses hazırladım in the simple past to indicate a completed action (preparing documents). The second clause uses the modal form tamamlanmalı to express an obligation that has to be fulfilled (completing the university applications). This difference highlights that one action is already done while the other is still required.

Why is there no explicit subject in the second clause "üniversite başvuruları son tarihte tamamlanmalı"?

In Turkish, it is common to omit the subject when it is clear from the context. Although the subject isn’t stated directly, the context implies that it is the üniversite başvuruları (university applications) that need to be completed. This form of implicit subject usage is standard in Turkish grammar.