Efter lunch ska jag skriva en kort rapport om projektet.

Efter lunch means after lunch and works as a time expression.

In Swedish, it is very common to place a time expression at the beginning of the sentence to set the scene first. English can do this too:

• After lunch, I’m going to write...
• I’m going to write... after lunch

Both are possible in Swedish as well, but starting with the time phrase is especially common.

In Swedish, meals are often used without the definite article when you mean them in a general, routine sense.

So:

• efter lunch = after lunch
• före middag = before dinner
• till frukost = for breakfast

If you say efter lunchen, that usually refers to a specific lunch, like after the lunch in a particular situation.

So in this sentence, efter lunch is the natural general expression.

This is because of the Swedish V2 rule (verb-second).

In main clauses, the finite verb usually comes in the second position. Here the first position is taken by Efter lunch, so the verb ska must come next:

• Efter lunch = position 1
• ska = position 2
• jag = subject

That is why Swedish says:

• Efter lunch ska jag skriva...

and not:

• Efter lunch jag ska skriva...

This is one of the most important word order rules in Swedish.

Here ska means something like:

• am going to
• will
• intend to
• am supposed to

The exact English translation depends on context.

In this sentence, ska jag skriva en kort rapport suggests a planned future action: I’m going to write a short report.

So ska is very often used to talk about the future, especially when there is an intention, plan, or expectation.

Because after ska, Swedish uses the infinitive form of the main verb.

So:

• ska skriva = am going to write
• vill skriva = want to write
• kan skriva = can write

The infinitive here is skriva.

skriver is the present tense form:

• Jag skriver = I am writing / I write

So:

• Jag skriver en rapport = I am writing a report
• Jag ska skriva en rapport = I am going to write a report

Because rapport is an en-word in Swedish:

• en rapport

Adjectives must agree with the noun they describe. With a common gender (en) singular noun in indefinite form, the adjective usually has its basic form:

• en kort rapport

Compare:

• en kort bok
• en stor bil

You would use ett only with ett-words, for example:

• ett kort brev = a short letter

So the form depends on the gender of the noun.

Because it is describing an en-word in the singular indefinite form.

The pattern is:

• en kort rapport
• ett kort brev
• korta rapporter

So:

• with en singular indefinite: often just the basic adjective form
• with ett singular indefinite: often add -t
• with plural: usually add -a

Since rapport is an en-word, the correct phrase is en kort rapport.

Om means about.

So:

• en rapport om projektet = a report about the project

The word projektet is the definite form of projekt:

• ett projekt = a project
• projektet = the project

So om projektet means about the project.

In Swedish, the definite article is usually attached to the end of the noun.

So:

• ett projekt = a project
• projektet = the project

This ending functions like English the.

This is very common in Swedish:

• en bil → bilen
• ett hus → huset
• en rapport → rapporten

So instead of a separate word before the noun, Swedish often marks definiteness with an ending.

Because in Swedish, the infinitive marker is often built into the infinitive form itself.

The verb form skriva means to write.

So:

• skriva = to write
• läsa = to read
• köpa = to buy

After modal verbs like ska, vill, kan, and måste, Swedish does not add a separate word for to:

• Jag ska skriva
• Jag vill skriva
• Jag kan skriva

That is normal Swedish grammar.

Yes, absolutely.

That version is also correct:

• Jag ska skriva en kort rapport om projektet efter lunch.

The difference is mainly focus and style:

• Efter lunch ska jag skriva... puts the time first
• Jag ska skriva... efter lunch puts the subject first and leaves the time to the end

Both are natural Swedish.

It is most naturally understood as connected to rapport:

• en kort rapport om projektet = a short report about the project

So the structure is:

• Efter lunch = time
• ska jag skriva = verb phrase
• en kort rapport om projektet = object

In other words, the person is writing a report, and that report is about the project.

In normal speech, it would sound quite straightforward and natural. A few things to notice:

• jag is often pronounced more like ya in casual speech
• ska is often pronounced more like ska or sometimes reduced in fast speech
• efter lunch flows together smoothly
• stress would often fall on important content words like lunch, skriva, rapport, and projektet

So in careful written form it stays:

• Efter lunch ska jag skriva en kort rapport om projektet.

But in relaxed speech, some words may sound shorter or softer than they look in writing.