Breakdown of Hon visar kartan och förklarar allt.
och
and
hon
she
allt
everything
förklara
to explain
visa
to show
kartan
the map
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Questions & Answers about Hon visar kartan och förklarar allt.
What tense are visar and förklarar, and what are their base forms and other common forms?
- Base infinitives: visa, förklara
- Present (used here): visar, förklarar
- Past (preterite): visade, förklarade
- Supine (used with har/hade): visat, förklarat
- Future options: ska visa, kommer att förklara, or present + a time word: Imorgon visar hon...
Why is it kartan and not karta? How does definiteness work?
Kartan is the definite singular form of karta (= map). Swedish marks definiteness with a suffix:
- Indefinite singular: en karta
- Definite singular: kartan
- Indefinite plural: kartor
- Definite plural: kartorna With adjectives, use double definiteness: den stora kartan (= the big map).
How do I say she shows me the map and explains everything to me?
- With a double object for visa: Hon visar mig kartan.
- Or with a preposition: Hon visar kartan för mig. For förklara, you must use för for the person:
- Hon förklarar allt för mig. Not: förklarar mig allt. Also, mig is pronounced like mej (informal spelling mej is common).
What word order rules apply if I move something to the front?
Main clauses are verb-second (V2). The finite verb comes second, no matter what you front:
- Idag visar hon kartan och förklarar allt.
- Efter mötet förklarar hon allt. The subject follows the verb in these cases.
Do I need to repeat the subject after och?
No. With one subject doing two actions, share it: Hon visar ... och förklarar ... You may repeat it for emphasis or to start a new clause: Hon visar kartan, och hon förklarar allt, but it’s not required.
Can Swedish present tense also refer to the future or ongoing actions?
Yes. Presens covers:
- Right now: Hon visar kartan nu.
- Habitual: Hon visar kartan varje lektion.
- Scheduled/near future (often with a time word): Imorgon förklarar hon allt. You can also use ska or kommer att for the future.
How do I pronounce the tricky parts?
- och is often reduced to just a vowel, sounding like å; careful speech: [ɔk].
- kartan has retroflex rt =
- Hon usually has a long [u]-sound: [huːn].
- förklarar has ö like [œ] in the unstressed prefix för-; stress is on -kla-: [fœrˈklɑːrar].
What’s the difference between allt, alla, and allting?
- allt = everything / all (of it) for non-count or neutral totality.
- alla = everyone / all (people/things) for plural countables: alla böcker.
- allting ≈ allt, slightly more colloquial. alltihop(a) can mean the whole lot.
Is there a nuance difference between visa and particles like visa upp or visa fram?
- visa = show (neutral).
- visa upp = display / show off (presenting for viewing).
- visa fram = bring/show forward (make available). Your sentence is neutral and best with plain visa.
How would the sentence change if I mean a map (not the map)?
Use the indefinite form:
- Hon visar en karta och förklarar allt.
Should there be a comma before och?
No comma is needed before och when linking two verbs with the same subject. Swedish generally avoids a comma before och unless separating long independent clauses or for clarity.
Can I use a gender-neutral subject here? What are the related pronouns?
Yes. Hen is a common gender-neutral pronoun:
- Subject: hon / han / hen
- Object: henne / honom / hen
- Possessive: hennes / hans / hens So: Hen visar kartan och förklarar allt.