Leo asubuhi, tulienda supermarketi mpya na Rahma akasukuma troli kubwa.

Leo asubuhi means this morning.

Literally:

• leo = today
• asubuhi = morning

Swahili often puts time expressions at the beginning of the sentence for context, so Leo asubuhi naturally sets the scene first: This morning, ...

You could think of it as:

• Leo asubuhi, tulienda... = This morning, we went...

This is very normal word order in Swahili.

Swahili verbs often pack a lot of information into one word.

tulienda breaks down like this:

• tu- = we
• -li- = past tense
• -enda = go

So tulienda literally means we went.

This is one of the first big differences from English: subject and tense are usually built into the verb, so you do not need a separate word for we.

Because Swahili normally includes the subject inside the verb.

In tulienda, the tu- already means we.

So:

• tulienda = we went not
• sisi tulienda unless you want extra emphasis on we

You can add sisi for emphasis, but it is not necessary in a neutral sentence.

Yes. supermarketi is a borrowed word, adapted from English supermarket.

Swahili uses many loanwords, especially for modern objects and places. The spelling is adjusted to fit Swahili sound patterns, which is why you see supermarketi instead of supermarket.

This is very common in Swahili:

• baiskeli = bicycle
• benki = bank
• televisheni = television

In Swahili, adjectives usually come after the noun.

So:

• supermarketi mpya = new supermarket
• troli kubwa = big trolley/cart

This is a basic word-order pattern in Swahili:

• noun + adjective

So English new supermarket becomes Swahili supermarket new in word order.

Swahili adjectives often agree with the noun class of the noun they describe, but some borrowed nouns can behave a bit simply in everyday usage.

Here, mpya means new and is the normal form you will often see with nouns like supermarketi.

For a learner, the important thing is:

• mpya = new
• it comes after the noun

Later, when you study noun classes more deeply, adjective agreement will make more sense across many different nouns.

Here na means and.

So:

• ...na Rahma akasukuma... = ...and Rahma pushed...

Be careful: na can also mean with, depending on context.

For example:

• ninaenda na Rahma = I am going with Rahma

But in your sentence, it is connecting two actions, so and is the best understanding.

This is a very common learner question.

akasukuma uses the -ka- form, which often shows the next action in a sequence in narration.

Breakdown:

• a- = he/she
• -ka- = then/and then/sequential action
• -sukuma = push

So akasukuma is like:

• he/she then pushed
• and then she pushed

Since the previous clause already said we went, the aka- form helps move the story forward naturally:

• This morning, we went to the new supermarket, and Rahma then pushed a big trolley.

If you said alisukuma, that would just be a plain past tense: she pushed.
But akasukuma sounds more connected to the previous action in a narrative sequence.

Because Rahma is the subject right before the verb, and the subject marker a- in akasukuma means he/she.

So:

• Rahma akasukuma = Rahma then pushed

Since Rahma is a person’s name, the a- subject marker matches he/she.

akasukuma can be broken down as:

• a- = he/she
• -ka- = sequential/narrative marker, often then
• -sukuma = push

So the whole word means something like:

• he/she then pushed or in smoother English:
• Rahma pushed

The then idea is often present in Swahili grammar even if it is not always translated directly into English.

troli kubwa means big trolley or big cart.

Parts:

• troli = trolley/cart
• kubwa = big

Again, the adjective comes after the noun in Swahili:

• troli kubwa = big trolley literally word-for-word:
• trolley big

This is the same pattern as supermarketi mpya.

Swahili does not usually use articles like English the and a/an.

So a noun like supermarketi can mean:

• a supermarket
• the supermarket

The exact meaning depends on context.

That is why:

• supermarketi mpya can be understood as a new supermarket or the new supermarket depending on the situation and the translation chosen.

Yes, roughly like this:

• Leo asubuhi = today morning / this morning
• tulienda = we-went
• supermarketi mpya = new supermarket
• na = and
• Rahma = Rahma
• akasukuma = she-then-pushed
• troli kubwa = big trolley

A very literal version would be:

Today morning, we went to new supermarket and Rahma then pushed big trolley.

That is not natural English, but it helps show how the Swahili sentence is built.

Not especially for grammar. It mainly helps readability.

Since Leo asubuhi is a time expression at the front, a comma can make the sentence easier to read in writing:

• Leo asubuhi, tulienda...

But in many Swahili texts, punctuation can be lighter or less strict than in English. The sentence would still be understood without the comma.