La costurera puede arreglar la manga rota antes de mañana.

Because la means the, so la costurera means the seamstress.

Spanish often uses an article where English might also use one, especially when talking about a specific person or thing already known in the context. Without the article, costurera would usually sound incomplete here.

Also, costurera is a noun meaning seamstress, so la agrees with it because it is feminine singular.

Costurera means seamstress or dressmaker/sewing woman, depending on context.

It is the feminine form. The masculine form is costurero.

• la costurera = the seamstress
• el costurero = the male seamster/tailor-like worker

In real usage, costurera strongly suggests someone who sews or mends clothes.

Spanish often leaves out subject pronouns when they are not needed, because the verb ending already tells you who the subject is.

Here, puede can mean:

• he can
• she can
• it can
• you can (formal singular)

But since the subject La costurera is already stated, adding ella would be unnecessary.

So:

• La costurera puede arreglar... = perfectly natural
• La costurera ella puede arreglar... = usually unnatural unless you are adding emphasis

This is a very common Spanish structure:

• poder
  • infinitive

So:

• puede = can / is able to
• arreglar = to fix / to mend / to repair

Together:

• puede arreglar = can fix / is able to fix

This is similar to English:

• She can fix it
• La costurera puede arreglarla

After poder, the next verb stays in the infinitive.

Here, manga means sleeve.

So la manga rota means the torn/broken sleeve.

Be careful: manga has other meanings in Spanish too, depending on context. For example, it can also refer to manga comics. But in a clothing sentence with costurera and arreglar, sleeve is clearly the intended meaning.

Because there are two different feminine singular nouns:

• la costurera = the seamstress
• la manga = the sleeve

Each noun needs its own article.

So this is not one article being repeated by mistake. It is simply:

• the seamstress
• the sleeve

Both nouns happen to be feminine singular, so both use la.

Because adjectives in Spanish usually agree with the noun they describe in gender and number.

Here, rota describes manga.

• manga is feminine singular
• so the adjective must also be feminine singular: rota

Compare:

• la manga rota = the torn sleeve
• el pantalón roto = the torn trousers/pants item
• las mangas rotas = the torn sleeves

So rota matches manga.

In Spanish, descriptive adjectives often come after the noun.

So:

• la manga rota = literally the sleeve torn
• natural English: the torn sleeve

This is one of the most common adjective patterns in Spanish.

Could you sometimes place adjectives before the noun in Spanish? Yes, but that often changes the tone, style, or meaning. In this sentence, la manga rota is the normal, straightforward order.

Because antes normally uses de before a noun or time expression.

So:

• antes de mañana = before tomorrow
• antes de las cinco = before five
• antes de la cena = before dinner

You can think of antes de as a fixed pattern when it is followed by a noun phrase.

But before a clause, Spanish often uses:

• antes de que...
  • subjunctive

Example:

• antes de que llegue mañana

In context, it often works like English by tomorrow.

Literally, antes de mañana is before tomorrow. But in everyday use, speakers may use it to mean that the job will be done no later than tomorrow, especially when talking about deadlines.

So depending on context, a natural English translation could be:

• before tomorrow
• by tomorrow

If you want to be very precise, para mañana is also very common for by tomorrow / for tomorrow.

Yes. Since la manga is a feminine singular direct object, you can replace it with la.

So:

• La costurera puede arreglar la manga rota antes de mañana. becomes
• La costurera puede arreglarla antes de mañana.

With poder + infinitive, the object pronoun can attach to the infinitive:

• puede arreglarla

You may also sometimes see pronouns placed before a conjugated verb in other structures, but with this sentence, attaching it to the infinitive is very natural.

In arreglar, the rr is a strong rolled or trilled r sound.

Roughly:

• a-rre-glar

A few pronunciation notes:

• rr is stronger than a single r
• the g in arreglar is a hard g, like in go
• stress falls on the last syllable because it ends in -r: ar-re-GLAR

For many English speakers, the hardest part is the rr. That sound is made by vibrating the tongue against the ridge behind the upper teeth.

Some parts can move, but not all changes sound equally natural.

The original sentence is very natural:

• La costurera puede arreglar la manga rota antes de mañana.

You could also say:

• Antes de mañana, la costurera puede arreglar la manga rota.

That puts more emphasis on the time.

But changing la manga rota to la rota manga would sound unusual or poetic, not normal everyday Spanish. So the noun + adjective order is the standard choice here.