El tablero chapado tiene chapa de madera.

Because tablero is a masculine singular noun, so the adjective has to agree with it:

• el tablero chapado = masculine singular
• la tabla chapada = feminine singular
• los tableros chapados = masculine plural
• las tablas chapadas = feminine plural

So chapado changes to match the noun it describes.

Here, chapado is being used like an adjective and means veneered or covered with a thin layer.

It comes from the verb chapar, which can mean to plate, to veneer, or to cover with a thin sheet/layer. So tablero chapado is literally a veneered board/panel.

In other contexts, chapado can also refer to metal plating, not just wood.

They are related, but they are different parts of speech:

• chapa = a noun
• chapado = an adjective (or past participle used adjectivally)

In this sentence:

• tablero chapado = a veneered board
• chapa de madera = wood veneer / a sheet of wood veneer

So chapado describes the board, while chapa names the material/layer itself.

In this context, tablero usually means board, panel, or sheet material, especially something manufactured or used in construction, furniture, or carpentry.

Tabla more often means a plank or board in a simpler, more basic sense.

So in a sentence about veneer and manufactured wood products, tablero is the more natural word.

Spanish often uses tener to talk about what something has as a feature, layer, or component.

So tiene chapa de madera literally means it has wood veneer.

This is a very natural way to express composition or structure. English might sometimes prefer something more compact like it is wood-veneered, but Spanish often says it with tener.

Because chapa is being used in a fairly general/material sense here, not as a clearly counted individual object.

So:

• tiene chapa de madera = it has wood veneer / it has a wood-veneer layer

If you wanted to emphasize one sheet specifically, you could say una chapa de madera, but that is less neutral here.

This is similar to how English sometimes says it has veneer rather than it has a veneer sheet.

Because de + material usually takes no article in Spanish when you mean the material in a general sense.

So:

• de madera = made of wood / of wood
• de metal = of metal
• de plástico = of plastic

Using de la madera would usually sound like you mean from the wood in some specific context, not just the material type.

Because in Spanish, descriptive adjectives usually come after the noun.

So:

• tablero chapado = normal, natural order

Putting it before the noun would sound unusual here and would not be the standard way to describe this object.

Post-noun position is especially common when the adjective is classifying or describing a physical property, as chapado does here.

A little, yes, but it is still understandable and grammatically fine.

Both words come from the same idea:

• chapado = veneered
• chapa = veneer layer / sheet

So the sentence is explicit about both:

1. the board is veneered, and
2. the veneer is wood veneer.

Depending on context, a speaker might choose a less repetitive wording, but this version is useful because it makes the structure very clear.

A helpful pronunciation guide is:

el ta-BLE-ro cha-PA-do TIE-ne CHA-pa de ma-DE-ra

Some key points:

• ch is like English ch in chair
• j does not appear here
• Stress falls on:
  • tablero → BLE
  • chapado → PA
  • tiene → TIE
  • chapa → CHA
  • madera → DE

In Spain, the pronunciation is broadly:

el ta-BLE-ro cha-PA-do TYE-ne CHA-pa de ma-DE-ra

Yes. That would also be natural.

• El tablero chapado tiene chapa de madera explicitly says the board is veneered and that the veneer is wood.
• El tablero tiene chapa de madera simply says the board has wood veneer.

So the shorter version is possible, and in many situations it may sound more natural unless you specifically want to highlight that the board is a veneered board.