El organismo sancionador revisa la propuesta de resolución.

Because Spanish normally uses the definite article more often than English, especially with specific institutions or bodies.

Here, el organismo means the body / the agency / the authority, referring to a particular one already known in the context.

In formal or legal Spanish, this is very common:

• el organismo competente
• la autoridad administrativa
• el órgano instructor

Without the article, organismo would sound more general, like an agency/body or like a dictionary label rather than part of a full sentence.

Because not all Spanish nouns ending in -a are feminine.

Organismo is a masculine noun:

• el organismo
• un organismo

Words ending in -ma or -ismo are often masculine, especially ones of Greek origin or learned/formal vocabulary:

• el problema
• el sistema
• el idioma
• el organismo

So you simply have to learn its gender as part of the word.

Sancionador is an adjective describing organismo.

So:

• organismo = body / agency / authority
• sancionador = sanctioning / disciplinary / imposing penalties

Together, organismo sancionador means something like:

• the sanctioning body
• the body responsible for imposing sanctions
• the disciplinary authority

This is very formal administrative/legal language.

In Spanish, adjectives often come after the noun, especially when they classify or define the type of thing.

So:

• organismo sancionador = the sanctioning body
• propuesta formal = formal proposal
• resolución administrativa = administrative decision

Here, sancionador is not adding emotion or style; it is identifying what kind of organismo it is. That makes the post-noun position the natural one.

Revisa is the third person singular present tense of revisar.

The subject is el organismo sancionador, which is singular, so the verb must also be singular:

• yo reviso
• tú revisas
• él / ella / usted revisa

So:

• El organismo sancionador revisa... = The sanctioning body reviews...

Why not the others?

• revisar = the infinitive, to review
• revisando = the gerund, reviewing

Only revisa works as the main finite verb in this sentence.

It can often mean either, depending on context.

In formal Spanish, the simple present is frequently used for:

• general procedures
• official steps
• legal or administrative descriptions
• actions happening at the current stage

So revisa could mean:

• reviews as part of its normal function
• is reviewing in the current procedure

Legal and administrative Spanish often prefers the simple present where English might use either reviews or is reviewing.

Because in Spanish, noun relationships like this are usually built with de.

So:

• propuesta de resolución
• solicitud de licencia
• orden de pago
• expediente de sanción

Here, de resolución means something like:

• for a decision
• of decision
• draft decision
• proposed ruling

Using para would sound less natural in this fixed legal expression.

Not exactly. This is an important false-friend warning.

In legal or administrative Spanish, resolución often means:

• decision
• ruling
• formal administrative decision
• order

So propuesta de resolución is often better understood as:

• proposed decision
• draft ruling
• proposed administrative decision

It usually does not mean resolution in the everyday English sense of:

• a New Year’s resolution
• solving a problem

Although Spanish resolución can sometimes mean resolution, in this legal context it usually means a formal decision.

Because Spanish commonly links one noun to another with de, where English often uses a noun directly before another noun.

Compare:

• proposal of decision → Spanish: propuesta de resolución
• payment order → Spanish: orden de pago
• application form → Spanish: formulario de solicitud

English loves noun+noun combinations. Spanish usually prefers:

• noun + de + noun

So the de is the normal connector here.

Because the direct object is not a person.

The personal a is used mainly with specific human beings (and sometimes personified animals or very personalized things):

• Veo a María
• El juez llamó al testigo

But here the thing being reviewed is a document or formal proposal:

• revisa la propuesta de resolución

So there is no personal a.

Grammatically, yes. Spanish often drops the subject because the verb ending already shows the person and number.

• Revisa la propuesta de resolución = He/She/It reviews the proposed decision

However, in this sentence the subject is important because it tells us who performs the action:

• El organismo sancionador = the sanctioning body

In legal and administrative writing, subjects are often stated explicitly for clarity and precision.

Be careful: revisar does not always mean English revise in the British-school sense of study again.

In Spanish, revisar usually means:

• to review
• to check
• to examine
• to inspect

So in this sentence, revisa is closer to:

• reviews
• examines
• checks

If an English speaker sees revisar, they should not automatically think of revising for an exam.

Yes, very much so.

Several features make it formal and administrative/legal:

• organismo
• sancionador
• propuesta de resolución
• the overall procedural tone

This is not everyday conversation. It sounds like the language of:

• public administration
• legal procedure
• official documents
• disciplinary or sanctioning processes

So a learner should recognize it as specialized formal Spanish, not casual spoken Spanish.