Я включил кофемолку, и на кухне сразу появился сильный запах кофе.

Включил is perfective past tense. It presents the action as a single completed event: I switched it on.

That fits this sentence well because the next thing happens as a result: after switching on the grinder, the smell appeared.

If you used включал, that would be imperfective and would usually suggest:

• a repeated action,
• an ongoing process,
• or a more general statement about switching it on.

So here:

• Я включил кофемолку = I switched on the coffee grinder.
• Я включал кофемолку = I was switching on / used to switch on the coffee grinder / tried switching it on, depending on context.

Because it is the direct object of включил.

The verb включить takes the thing being switched on in the accusative case:

• включить что? → кофемолку

Кофемолка is a feminine noun, and in the singular its accusative form is кофемолку.

So:

• nominative: кофемолка
• accusative: кофемолку

This is very common with feminine nouns ending in -а.

No. Кофемолка specifically means coffee grinder.

That is why the second part of the sentence mentions the smell appearing right away: the grinder starts grinding coffee beans, so the smell spreads.

Compare:

• кофемолка = coffee grinder
• кофеварка = coffee maker
• кофемашина = coffee machine / espresso machine

Because the subject of that clause is запах.

In the second clause:

• появился сильный запах кофе

the thing that appeared is запах (smell), which is a masculine noun. So the past tense verb agrees with it:

• masculine: появился
• feminine: появилась
• neuter: появилось
• plural: появились

So Russian is literally structured like:

• A strong smell of coffee appeared in the kitchen immediately.

Russian often uses a normal subject-verb structure where English uses there is / there was.

So instead of saying something like there appeared a strong smell, Russian simply says:

• появился сильный запах кофе

Literally: a strong smell of coffee appeared.

This is very natural in Russian. Verbs like появиться are commonly used this way.

After запах, Russian usually uses the genitive idea: the smell of something.

So logically:

• запах чего? = smell of what?

Here the answer is кофе.

The tricky part is that кофе is usually indeclinable, so its form often stays the same. That means the genitive looks identical to the dictionary form:

• кофе → кофе

So запах кофе means the smell of coffee, even though the word itself does not visibly change.

For location, Russian normally says на кухне = in the kitchen.

This is just the standard idiomatic choice with кухня.

• на кухне = in the kitchen
• в комнате = in the room
• в доме = in the house

English learners often expect в for all kinds of in, but Russian uses different prepositions depending on the noun and idiomatic usage. With кухня, на is the normal one.

Also, because this expresses location, кухня is in the prepositional case:

• кухня → на кухне

Сразу means immediately, right away, or at once.

In this sentence it tells you that the smell appeared very quickly after the grinder was switched on.

It modifies the whole event:

• на кухне сразу появился сильный запах кофе
• A strong smell of coffee immediately appeared in the kitchen

Its position is flexible, though some placements sound more natural than others.

For example, you could also hear:

• сразу на кухне появился сильный запах кофе
• сильный запах кофе сразу появился на кухне

But the original word order is very natural.

Because и is joining two separate clauses, each with its own verb:

1. Я включил кофемолку
2. на кухне сразу появился сильный запах кофе

Russian normally puts a comma before и when it connects two independent clauses in a compound sentence.

So this is similar to English:

• I switched on the coffee grinder, and a strong smell of coffee immediately appeared in the kitchen.

If и only joins words inside one clause, there is usually no comma.

Yes, very often.

Russian past tense verbs show gender and number, but not person directly. Even so, in context, Я is often omitted if it is clear who is speaking.

So both are possible:

• Я включил кофемолку...
• Включил кофемолку...

The version with Я is a little more explicit. It can:

• emphasize the speaker,
• make the sentence clearer out of context,
• or simply sound more complete.

Because включил is masculine past tense, this also suggests the speaker is male. A female speaker would say включила.

Because сильный describes the noun запах.

Russian often uses an adjective with запах:

• сильный запах = a strong smell
• приятный запах = a pleasant smell
• резкий запах = a sharp smell

So the structure is simply:

• adjective + noun

And the adjective agrees with запах:

• masculine singular nominative: сильный

Yes. Russian word order is flexible, though different orders change emphasis.

Original:

• Я включил кофемолку, и на кухне сразу появился сильный запах кофе.

This is neutral and natural.

Other possible versions:

• Я включил кофемолку, и сразу на кухне появился сильный запах кофе.

  • Slightly more focus on immediately.

• Я включил кофемолку, и сильный запах кофе сразу появился на кухне.

  • More focus on the strong smell of coffee.

• На кухне сразу появился сильный запах кофе, когда я включил кофемолку.

  • Reorganized sentence with a slightly different structure.

Russian lets you move pieces around more than English, but not every order sounds equally natural in every context. The original sentence is a good standard model.

Because появился emphasizes that the smell came into existence / became noticeable at that moment.

Compare:

• на кухне появился сильный запах кофе = a strong smell of coffee appeared in the kitchen

• на кухне был сильный запах кофе = there was a strong smell of coffee in the kitchen

The second one just describes a state. The first one highlights the change: first there was no smell, then after switching on the grinder, the smell appeared.

That makes появился especially good here.

Traditionally, кофе is masculine in standard Russian:

• горячий кофе
• крепкий кофе

In modern everyday speech, some speakers also use neuter agreement, but masculine is still the standard form taught to learners.

In this sentence, though, it does not directly affect anything, because кофе is inside запах кофе and the main agreement is with запах, not with кофе.

So the important agreement here is:

• сильный запах
• запах появился

not with кофе.