Breakdown of Перед сном я сказал бабушке «Спокойной ночи».
Questions & Answers about Перед сном я сказал бабушке «Спокойной ночи».
Because перед normally requires the instrumental case when it means before / in front of.
- сон = sleep (dictionary form, nominative)
- сном = instrumental singular
So:
- перед сном = before sleep / before going to sleep
This is a very common pattern:
- перед уроком = before class
- перед работой = before work
- перед ужином = before dinner
In Russian, time expressions like before X often use this structure.
Because the verb сказать takes the person you speak to in the dative case.
The pattern is:
- сказать кому? что?
- to say to whom? what?
So here:
- бабушка = grandmother (nominative)
- бабушке = to grandmother / to grandma (dative)
Examples:
- Я сказал брату... = I said to my brother...
- Она сказала учителю... = She said to the teacher...
So бабушке is the normal form after сказал.