Новая когтеточка стоит у окна, и кошка уже к ней привыкла.

Because когтеточка is a feminine noun, so the adjective has to agree with it in gender, number, and case.

• новая = feminine singular nominative
• когтеточка = feminine singular nominative

So новая когтеточка means new scratching post.

A good thing to notice is the ending:

• masculine: новый
• feminine: новая
• neuter: новое

Когтеточка is a common Russian word for a cat scratching post or scratching pad.

It comes from the idea of something a cat uses to sharpen or scratch its claws:

• коготь = claw
• the word is built from that root plus a stem related to точить = to sharpen

You do not need to analyze it every time, but it helps explain why the word sounds the way it does.

Grammatically, когтеточка is:

• feminine
• singular
• nominative here, because it is the subject of the first clause

Here it means stands or is standing/is located.

The verb стоить means to cost, but стоять means to stand. In writing, the form стоит can belong to either verb, so context matters.

In this sentence:

• Новая когтеточка стоит у окна = The new scratching post is standing by the window

So this is from стоять, not стоить.

Because у requires the genitive case.

• dictionary form: окно = window
• genitive singular: окна

So:

• у окна = by the window, near the window, or literally at the window

This is a very common pattern:

• у дома = by the house
• у двери = by the door
• у стола = by the table

All of them can mean near/by the window, but there are small differences in tone and usage.

• у окна is very common and natural for location
• около окна also means near the window
• возле окна means roughly the same, often a bit more explicitly next to

In this sentence, стоит у окна sounds very normal and idiomatic.

Because the verb привыкнуть / привыкать uses the pattern к + dative.

So if you want to say become used to something, Russian expresses it as:

• привыкнуть к чему?
• привыкать к чему?

Since когтеточка is feminine, the pronoun is:

• она = she/it
• dative after a preposition: к ней

So:

• кошка уже к ней привыкла = the cat has already gotten used to it

Not её, because её is accusative/genitive, not dative.

And not еёй because that form does not exist in standard Russian.

In Russian, pronouns follow grammatical gender, not just natural gender.

Since когтеточка is a feminine noun, the pronoun referring to it is also feminine:

• она
• её
• ей
• неё / ней

So even though a scratching post is an object, Russian still refers to it with feminine forms because the noun itself is feminine.

That is very normal in Russian:

• книга is feminine, so you can refer to it as она
• окно is neuter, so you would refer to it as оно
• стол is masculine, so you would refer to it as он

Привыкла is the past tense, feminine singular form of привыкнуть.

It agrees with the subject кошка, which is feminine:

• masculine: привык
• feminine: привыкла
• neuter: привыкло
• plural: привыкли

So:

• кошка привыкла = the cat got used to it / has gotten used to it

Russian past tense usually shows gender in the singular, which English does not.

Because привыкла suggests a completed result: the cat has gotten used to it.

There are two related verbs here:

• привыкать = imperfective
  meaning the process of getting used to something
• привыкнуть = perfective
  meaning to become used to something, with focus on the result

Past forms:

• привыкала = was getting used to / used to get used to
• привыкла = got used to / has become used to

Since the sentence includes уже and describes a state that has already been reached, привыкла is the natural choice.

Уже means already.

It shows that the process is complete sooner than expected or at least that the result is now true:

• кошка уже к ней привыкла = the cat has already gotten used to it

Without уже, the sentence would still be correct:

• кошка к ней привыкла

But уже adds the idea of already.

Yes, the word order can change. Russian word order is more flexible than English because case endings show the grammatical roles.

This sentence uses:

• кошка уже к ней привыкла

A very common alternative would be:

• кошка уже привыкла к ней

Both are correct.

The version with к ней before the verb slightly emphasizes the object of getting used to. The version with привыкла к ней may feel more neutral to some learners because it keeps the prepositional phrase closer to the verb.

So the original word order is normal, not strange.

Because the sentence contains two clauses:

1. Новая когтеточка стоит у окна
2. кошка уже к ней привыкла

Each clause has its own predicate:

• стоит
• привыкла

When и joins two independent clauses like that, Russian normally uses a comma:

• ..., и ...

So the comma is required here.

Because Russian does not have articles like English.

So:

• Новая когтеточка can mean a new scratching post or the new scratching post
• the exact meaning depends on context

English must choose between a and the, but Russian usually leaves that unstated unless something else in the sentence makes it clear.

It can overlap in meaning depending on context, but the form привыкла mainly points to the cat became/got used to it and implies that now the cat is used to it.

So in natural English, depending on the situation, it could be translated as:

• the cat has already gotten used to it
• the cat is already used to it

If you want to focus purely on the state is used to, Russian often uses:

• кошка уже привыкла к ней

That same sentence can cover both the completed change and the resulting state, depending on context.

Grammatically, кошка is a feminine noun and literally means female cat. But in everyday speech, it is also often used for cat in general when the animal is known or treated as feminine.

So in many contexts:

• кошка = cat
• кот = male cat / tomcat

Because the sentence uses привыкла, the cat is grammatically feminine. In practice, English will usually just say the cat unless the cat’s sex matters.