После прогулки у меня замёрзло ухо, и я долго не мог согреться.

Because после requires the genitive case.

• прогулка = a walk
• Genitive singular: прогулки

So:

• после прогулки = after the walk / after a walk

This is a very common pattern:

• после урока = after the lesson
• после работы = after work
• после дождя = after the rain

Both are possible, but у меня замёрзло ухо is a very natural Russian way to talk about body parts, physical states, and things belonging to someone.

Literally, у меня means at me / by me, but in practice it often means I have, my, or indicates whose thing or condition it is.

So:

• у меня замёрзло ухо = my ear got cold / one of my ears got very cold

This pattern is especially common with body parts:

• у меня болит голова = my head hurts / I have a headache
• у него замёрзли руки = his hands got cold
• у неё болят глаза = her eyes hurt

Using моё ухо замёрзло is grammatically correct, but it can sound a little more direct or emphatic. The у меня version is often the more idiomatic everyday choice.

Because the verb in the past tense agrees with the grammatical subject, and the subject here is ухо.

• ухо = ear
• It is neuter singular

So the past tense must also be neuter singular:

• замёрз = masculine
• замёрзла = feminine
• замёрзло = neuter

That is why Russian says:

• ухо замёрзло

Even though у меня comes first in the sentence, it is not the grammatical subject. The subject is still ухо.

Yes, literally it means one ear got cold.

• ухо = ear
• уши = ears

So:

• у меня замёрзло ухо = one ear got cold
• у меня замёрзли уши = my ears got cold

Russian is being literal here. If the speaker says ухо, they mean one ear. If they mean both ears, they would normally say уши.

Not necessarily. With body parts, замёрзнуть often means to get very cold, to become chilled, or to go numb from cold.

So in this sentence:

• у меня замёрзло ухо

usually means something like:

• my ear got really cold
• my ear froze
• my ear went numb from the cold

It does not usually mean the ear literally turned into ice.

Compare:

• Я замёрз. = I got cold / I’m freezing.
• У меня замёрзли пальцы. = My fingers got very cold.

Because these mean different things.

не мог согреться

This means I was unable to get warm.
It focuses on the result: getting warm did not happen.

• смочь / мочь + perfective infinitive is very common for being able / unable to achieve something

So:

• я долго не мог согреться = for a long time I couldn’t get warm

не согревался

This would mean something more like I wasn’t getting warm or I didn’t warm up, focusing more on the process, and it is less natural here.

In this sentence, Russian wants to express: despite time passing, the speaker still did not manage to become warm. So не мог согреться is the natural choice.

Because согреться means to get warm, with emphasis on reaching that state.

• греться = to warm oneself, to be warming up, to sit warming oneself
  (imperfective: process)
• согреться = to get warm, to warm up successfully
  (perfective: result)

In the sentence:

• я долго не мог согреться

the speaker means they could not reach the state of being warm, so the perfective verb fits perfectly.

Compare:

• Я грелся у печки. = I was warming myself by the stove.
• Я наконец согрелся. = I finally got warm.

The -ся makes the verb reflexive, and here it means something like to become warm oneself or to get warm.

Compare:

• согреть = to warm something/someone
  
  • Я согрел чай. = I warmed the tea.
• согреться = to get warm / warm oneself
  
  • Я согрелся. = I got warm.

So in the sentence:

• я долго не мог согреться

the speaker is talking about their own body becoming warm again.

долго means for a long time, and it modifies the whole idea of not being able to get warm.

• я долго не мог согреться = I couldn’t get warm for a long time

This is the most natural word order here.

Russian word order is flexible, but changing it can shift emphasis:

• Я долго не мог согреться. = neutral
• Я не мог долго согреться. = also possible, slightly different rhythm/emphasis

The version in your sentence is very standard and natural.

Yes, here и simply means and and joins two parts of the sentence:

1. у меня замёрзло ухо
2. я долго не мог согреться

So:

• После прогулки у меня замёрзло ухо, и я долго не мог согреться.

= After the walk, my ear got very cold, and I couldn’t warm up for a long time.

The word order is natural, but Russian word order is more flexible than English word order.

This version presents the information smoothly:

• После прогулки = sets the time/background first
• у меня = tells whose situation it is
• замёрзло ухо = gives the main event

A more neutral English-like order such as После прогулки моё ухо замёрзло is possible, but it sounds less idiomatic in everyday Russian.

Russian often puts:

1. background/context first
2. person affected next
3. main event last

That is exactly what happens here.

Yes, ё matters a lot because it shows both the sound and the stress.

• замёрзло → stress on -мёр-
• согреться → stress on -реть-

The letter ё is always stressed and sounds roughly like yo.

So:

• замёрзло ≈ za-MYOR-zla (with neuter ending -ло)
• согреться ≈ sa-GRYETS-tsa

In many printed texts, ё is replaced by е, but learners should remember the real forms are:

• замёрзло, not just замерзло
• согреться

This helps both pronunciation and understanding.

Not exactly. The second part can suggest that the speaker was cold overall, but the first part is more specific.

• у меня замёрзло ухо = my ear got cold / froze
• я долго не мог согреться = I couldn’t get warm for a long time

So the whole sentence gives more detail than simply I got cold after the walk. It says:

1. one ear got very cold
2. then the speaker remained cold enough that they couldn’t warm up for a while

So I got cold after the walk captures only part of the meaning.