Я надеюсь привыкнуть к этим ценам, хотя пока мне это трудно.

After надеяться (я надеюсь) Russian commonly uses an infinitive to mean to hope to do something:

• Я надеюсь привыкнуть… = I hope to get used to…

You can also hope for something with на + Accusative (a different pattern):

• Я надеюсь на помощь. = I’m hoping for help.
  But with an action, the infinitive is most natural.

Привыкнуть (perfective) focuses on reaching the result: to get used to (successfully, eventually). That fits well with надеюсь (a hoped-for outcome).

Привыкать (imperfective) emphasizes the process: to be getting used to / to get used to gradually. You might see:

• Я надеюсь привыкать к этим ценам… (less common; stresses the ongoing process)
• Я пытаюсь привыкать к этим ценам. = I’m trying to get used to these prices (little by little).

In this sentence, надеюсь привыкнуть = “I hope I’ll manage to get used to it.”

Because the verb привыкнуть / привыкать is used with the pattern:

• привыкнуть к чему? / привыкать к чему? = to get used to what?

So к is simply the fixed government pattern for this verb.

The preposition к takes the dative case.

• к чему? → dative
  So:
• эти цены (nominative plural)
• к этим ценам (dative plural)

этим is the dative plural form of этот.

Genitive (этих цен) is used in other contexts (negation, “some of,” after certain prepositions, etc.), but к specifically requires dative, not genitive.

So it’s not a meaning choice here; it’s a grammar requirement: к + dative.

Хотя introduces a subordinate concessive clause (although …). In Russian, a subordinate clause is normally separated by a comma:

• …, хотя … = …, although …

They’re related but not identical:

• хотя = although / even though (introduces a subordinate clause)
  
  • Я надеюсь…, хотя пока мне трудно.
• но = but (coordinates two main clauses)
  
  • Я надеюсь привыкнуть к этим ценам, но пока мне трудно.

Both can work here. Хотя often feels a bit more like “concession” (acknowledging a contrast), while но is a straightforward “but.”

Here пока means for now / so far / at the moment.

Russian пока can mean: 1) while (simultaneous action): Пока я ел, он читал.
2) for now / currently: Пока мне трудно.

In your sentence it’s clearly #2: although for now it’s hard for me.

Russian often expresses feelings/difficulty with an impersonal construction:

• мне трудно = literally to me it is difficult → I find it difficult / it’s hard for me

Я трудный means I am a difficult person (describing your character), which is a different meaning.

So мне is dative marking the experiencer (the person who feels it’s difficult).

это is a placeholder pronoun meaning this/it, referring to the situation of getting used to these prices.

You can say:

• хотя пока мне трудно (sounds natural; “though it’s hard for me for now”)
• хотя пока мне это трудно (more explicit: “though this is hard for me for now”)

Including это emphasizes that this specific thing (getting used to the prices) is difficult.

Yes. Russian word order is flexible, and moving the хотя… clause to the front is normal:

• Хотя пока мне это трудно, я надеюсь привыкнуть к этим ценам.
  This puts more focus on the difficulty first, then the hope.

Your original order first states the hope, then adds a concession. Both are correct; the difference is mainly emphasis and flow.