Моя собака свободно бегает в саду.

My dog runs freely in the garden.

Breakdown of Моя собака свободно бегает в саду.

• мой: my
• собака: the dog
• бегать: to run
• в: in

Questions & Answers about Моя собака свободно бегает в саду.

Why is моя used instead of моей, мой, or моё?

In Russian, possessive pronouns agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case.

• собака is feminine, singular, and here it’s the subject, so it’s in the nominative case.
• моя is the feminine singular nominative form of “my.”
• мой would be masculine nominative, моё neuter nominative, and моей is either genitive or dative feminine, so they don’t fit here.

Why is свободно an adverb and not свободная?

• свободная is an adjective, and adjectives modify nouns (e.g., свободная собака “a free dog”).
• свободно is an adverb, and adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Here it describes how the dog runs, so we need the adverb свободно (“freely”).

What aspect and meaning does бегает convey, and how is it different from бежит?