Bărbatul este săturat de problemă.

Because Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun, not before it.

• bărbat = man
• bărbatul = the man

For many masculine singular nouns, the definite article is -ul.

So bărbatul is the normal Romanian way to say the man.

Este is the 3rd person singular form of a fi (to be).

So:

• eu sunt = I am
• tu ești = you are
• el/ea este = he/she is

Here the subject is bărbatul, which is singular, so este is the correct form.

Romanian often does not need a subject pronoun like he, because the verb form and the noun already make the subject clear.

Here săturat means something like fed up, tired of, or having had enough of.

Literally, săturat can also mean full/satisfied after eating, so learners often notice that it seems food-related. That is true historically and literally, but in sentences like this it is often used figuratively.

So in this sentence, it is not about hunger. It is about being emotionally or mentally tired of something.

Because Romanian normally uses de after sătul/săturat when saying what someone is fed up with.

Examples:

• sătul de zgomot = fed up with the noise
• săturat de minciuni = fed up with lies

So de problemă is the complement showing what the man is tired of.

English uses with in this idea, but Romanian uses de. This is just the normal pattern you need to learn with this expression.

This is a very common question, because article usage does not always match English exactly.

• problemă = problem / a problem
• problema = the problem

In Romanian, after a preposition like de, a noun can sometimes appear without the definite article even where English would naturally say the problem, especially in a more general or abstract sense.

That said, if you mean one specific, clearly identified problem, many speakers might prefer something like:

• de problema asta = fed up with this problem
• de această problemă = fed up with this problem
• de problema respectivă = fed up with that specific problem

So the sentence as given is understandable, but in real-life context a more specific form may sound more natural if a particular problem is meant.

It is originally the past participle of the verb a sătura (to satisfy / to fill / to make someone full), but here it is functioning like an adjective after este.

So in Bărbatul este săturat, it behaves as part of the predicate, describing the man’s state.

That is why it also agrees with the subject in gender and number.

Yes. It agrees with the noun it describes.

Common forms are:

• săturat = masculine singular
• săturată = feminine singular
• săturați = masculine or mixed plural
• săturate = feminine plural

Examples:

• Femeia este săturată de problemă.
• Bărbații sunt săturați de problemă.
• Femeile sunt săturate de problemă.

In your sentence, bărbatul is masculine singular, so săturat is the correct form.

It is understandable, but many native speakers might more naturally say one of these, depending on the nuance:

• Bărbatul s-a săturat de problemă.
• Bărbatul este sătul de problemă.
• Bărbatul este sătul de problema asta.

The difference is roughly this:

• este săturat / este sătul describes a state
• s-a săturat often means he got fed up / has become fed up

So the sentence you have is grammatical, but in everyday speech learners will often hear s-a săturat de... or este sătul de...

The letter ă is pronounced like the unstressed vowel in English about or sofa: a short uh sound.

In this sentence:

• Bărbatul ≈ bər-BA-tu(l)
• săturat ≈ sə-tu-RAT
• problemă ≈ pro-BLE-mə

So ă is not a strong a sound like in father. It is a weaker, more neutral vowel.

Yes, you can, but usually el is unnecessary unless you want emphasis or contrast.

Romanian often drops subject pronouns when the subject is already clear.

So:

• Bărbatul este săturat de problemă. = perfectly normal
• El este săturat de problemă. = also correct, but more like he is fed up with the problem
• El este săturat de problemă, nu ea. = emphatic contrast: he is fed up with the problem, not she

So in most neutral situations, the version without el is preferred.