Urmele de susan apar pe eticheta alimentară.

Literally, urmele de susan means the traces of sesame.

Breakdown:

• urmă = trace, mark
• urme = traces
• urmele = the traces
• de susan = of sesame

In natural English, you might translate the whole phrase as sesame traces or traces of sesame.

Because urmele is the definite plural form.

Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun:

• urmă = a trace
• urme = traces
• urmele = the traces

English often does not use the in phrases like sesame traces, but Romanian may still use the definite form depending on context. Here, it refers to the traces as the specific thing that appears on the label.

de here means of.

So:

• de susan = of sesame

Romanian commonly uses de + noun to show what something consists of or what kind of trace it is:

• urme de lapte = traces of milk
• urme de nuci = traces of nuts
• urme de susan = traces of sesame

This is very natural Romanian.

Because the subject is plural: urmele.

The verb is a apărea = to appear. In the present tense:

• eu apar
• tu apari
• el/ea apare
• noi apărem
• voi apăreți
• ei/ele apar

Since urmele is plural, Romanian uses apar.

Apar literally means appear or show up.

In this sentence, it can be understood as:

• appear on
• are shown on
• are listed on

So in label or packaging language, apar pe eticheta alimentară can sound more natural in English as are shown/listed on the food label, even though the literal meaning is appear on the food label.

Pe means on here.

So:

• pe eticheta alimentară = on the food label

Romanian uses pe for something located on a surface, and also for text or information shown on something like:

• a label
• a page
• a screen
• a sign

Because:

• etichetă = label
• eticheta = the label

And alimentară is the adjective food-related / for food, agreeing with etichetă.

Agreement matters:

• etichetă is feminine singular
• so the adjective must also be feminine singular
• that gives alimentară

Compare:

• produs alimentar = food product
• etichetă alimentară = food label

This is normal Romanian structure.

When the adjective comes after the noun, the definite article is usually attached only to the noun:

• eticheta alimentară = the food label

You do not normally make both words definite in this kind of phrase.

So Romanian works like this:

• etichetă alimentară = a food label
• eticheta alimentară = the food label

The noun carries the definiteness, and the adjective simply agrees with it.

Yes. Romanian word order is fairly flexible.

The sentence given has a neutral order:

• Urmele de susan apar pe eticheta alimentară.

But you could also say:

• Pe eticheta alimentară apar urmele de susan.

That version puts more emphasis on where they appear.

Both are grammatical. Romanian often moves parts of the sentence around for emphasis more easily than English does.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

UR-me-le de su-SAN a-PAR pe e-ti-CHE-ta a-li-men-TA-rə

A more IPA-like version: /ˈur.me.le de suˈsan aˈpar pe etiˈke.ta ali.menˈta.rə/

A few useful notes:

• u sounds like oo in food
• e is usually like e in met
• ch in eticheta sounds like k
• ă in alimentară is a short unstressed vowel, similar to the a in sofa

So the stressed syllables are:

• URmele
• suSAN
• aPAR
• etiCHEta
• alimenTAră