Supratensiunea este prea mare.

Because Romanian often puts the definite article at the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like the.

• supratensiune = overvoltage
• supratensiunea = the overvoltage

This noun is feminine singular, so the definite ending here is -a.

The dictionary form is supratensiune.

So you can think of the sentence as built from:

• supratensiune = overvoltage
• -a = the

Together: supratensiunea = the overvoltage.

Este means is. It is the 3rd person singular form of the verb a fi = to be.

So:

• este = is

In everyday speech, Romanians also very often say e instead of este:

• Supratensiunea e prea mare.

That means the same thing.

Prea means too.

It usually goes directly before the adjective or adverb it modifies:

• prea mare = too big / too high / too great

So in this sentence, prea modifies mare.

Mare is the adjective meaning big, large, great, and in many contexts high.

Here it is used after este, so it is a predicate adjective: it describes the subject after the verb to be.

A useful detail: mare has the same singular form for both masculine and feminine.

• masculine singular: mare
• feminine singular: mare

That is why it matches supratensiunea without changing form.

In this technical context, you should understand it more naturally as high or too high.

So although mare often literally means big/large, in many Romanian expressions it can correspond to English high, especially when talking about levels, amounts, values, intensity, or seriousness.

Here, Supratensiunea este prea mare is best understood as:

• The overvoltage is too high

This is the most neutral and standard word order:

• subject + verb + adjective phrase

So:

• Supratensiunea = subject
• este = verb
• prea mare = description

Romanian word order is fairly flexible, but this version sounds normal and straightforward. You could change the order for emphasis in some contexts, but for a learner, this is the default pattern to remember.

A helpful approximate pronunciation is:

soo-prah-ten-see-OO-neh-ah

A few points:

• supr- sounds roughly like soopr-
• ț in tensiune would normally be written with a comma below if it were ț, but here the spelling is tensiune, so it has a normal t
• siu in -siune is roughly like syoon-eh
• the final -a is the definite article and is pronounced

If you say it slowly in parts, it becomes easier:

• su-pra-ten-si-u-ne-a

It sounds somewhat technical because supratensiune is a technical word, especially in electricity, electronics, or engineering.

So the grammar is completely normal, but the vocabulary is specialized. In an electrical context, this sentence is perfectly natural.

Normally, no. In standard Romanian, you keep este or the shorter spoken form e.

So you would say:

• Supratensiunea este prea mare.
• Supratensiunea e prea mare.

Leaving the verb out completely would sound ungrammatical in a normal sentence.

You would change both the noun, the verb, and the adjective:

• Supratensiunile sunt prea mari.

That means The overvoltages are too high.

Breakdown:

• supratensiunile = the overvoltages
• sunt = are
• mari = big/high, plural form

Yes, but it changes the meaning.

• foarte mare = very high / very big
• prea mare = too high / excessively high

So:

• Supratensiunea este foarte mare. = The overvoltage is very high.
• Supratensiunea este prea mare. = The overvoltage is too high.

English learners sometimes confuse very and too, so this is an important distinction.

The sentence follows a very common Romanian pattern:

• [definite noun] + [a fi] + [adverb] + [adjective]

In this case:

• Supratensiunea = the overvoltage
• este = is
• prea = too
• mare = high / big

This pattern is useful in many other sentences too, for example:

• Temperatura este prea mare. = The temperature is too high.
• Presiunea este prea mare. = The pressure is too high.
• Casa este prea mare. = The house is too big.