Oricât de scurt este antrenamentul, ne încălzim.

Oricât de + adjective/adverb means however / no matter how + adjective/adverb.

So here:

• oricât de scurt = however short / no matter how short

It introduces a concessive idea: even if something has that quality to a very high or low degree, the main statement is still true.

A very useful pattern to remember is:

• oricât de + adjective + verb + noun
• oricât de + adverb + verb

For example:

• Oricât de greu este, continuăm. = No matter how hard it is, we continue.
• Oricât de repede aleargă, îl ajungem din urmă. = No matter how fast he runs, we catch up with him.

So in your sentence, the idea is: the length of the workout does not change the fact that we warm up.

Because scurt agrees with antrenamentul.

The noun antrenament is a neuter noun in Romanian. Neuter nouns behave:

• like masculine in the singular
• like feminine in the plural

Since antrenamentul is singular, the adjective takes the masculine singular form:

• antrenamentul scurt
• not antrenamentul scurtă

You can see the neuter pattern more clearly in the plural:

• singular: antrenamentul scurt
• plural: antrenamentele scurte

So scurt is exactly the form we expect here.

Antrenamentul means the workout / the training session. The ending -ul is the Romanian definite article, which is attached to the end of the noun.

So:

• antrenament = a workout / workout
• antrenamentul = the workout

Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun, unlike English, which uses a separate word.

In this sentence, the definite form sounds natural because Romanian often uses the definite article for a general situation already understood in context, especially in statements about routines, rules, or known activities.

Because oricât de must go directly with the adjective it modifies.

The structure is built around oricât de + adjective, so:

• oricât de scurt = however short

After that, the clause continues with the verb and subject:

• oricât de scurt este antrenamentul

The version oricât de antrenamentul este scurt is not natural Romanian, because oricât de does not go before the noun here; it goes before the adjective.

This pattern is very common:

• Oricât de obosit este copilul, nu adoarme.
• Oricât de simplă pare problema, nu e ușoară.

So it is best to learn oricât de as something that introduces the adjective phrase directly.

Literally, ne încălzim means we warm ourselves.

In natural English, though, the best translation is usually:

• we warm up

This is because Romanian often uses a reflexive or pronominal form where English uses a simple verb or a phrasal verb.

Here:

• ne = ourselves / us
• încălzim = warm

So the sense is that we prepare our bodies before exercise.

In this sentence, ne is important because the verb is being used in its reflexive/pronominal form: a se încălzi.

• a încălzi = to heat / to warm something
• a se încălzi = to warm up / to get warm / to warm oneself

So:

• încălzim by itself would usually suggest we warm something
• ne încălzim means we warm up

In a sports or exercise context, a se încălzi is the normal choice.

Also notice the position: in Romanian, short pronouns like ne usually come before the verb in finite forms:

• ne încălzim
• not încălzim ne

Romanian, like English, often uses the present tense for:

• general truths
• routines
• habits
• instructions stated as rules

So this sentence is not only about one specific moment. It expresses a general practice:

• no matter how short the workout is, we warm up

It can sound like:

• a rule
• a piece of advice
• a statement of habit

That is why the present tense is perfectly natural here.

The comma separates the subordinate concessive clause from the main clause.

Structure:

• Oricât de scurt este antrenamentul, = subordinate clause
• ne încălzim. = main clause

The first part sets up a condition or contrast, and the second part gives the main point.

This is similar to English punctuation in sentences like:

• No matter how short the workout is, we warm up.

So the comma is both grammatical and helpful for clarity.

Yes. In everyday Romanian, e is a very common shorter form of este.

So these both work:

• Oricât de scurt este antrenamentul, ne încălzim.
• Oricât de scurt e antrenamentul, ne încălzim.

The version with este sounds a bit more full or neutral in writing, while e is very common in speech and informal writing.

Yes, antrenament is a neuter noun.

In Romanian, neuter nouns are a bit special because they act:

• masculine in the singular
• feminine in the plural

That is why you get:

• singular: un antrenament scurt
• plural: două antrenamente scurte

This masculine-singular / feminine-plural behavior is the main sign of a neuter noun in Romanian.

So in your sentence:

• antrenamentul is singular
• therefore the adjective is masculine singular: scurt