Learn Hardcore Portuguese (Portugal): De manhã, escovo os dentes com pasta de dentes e seco a cara com uma toalha. - In the morning, I brush my teeth with toothpaste and dry my face with a towel.

Portuguese is a “pro‑drop” language: the verb ending already shows who the subject is. Escovo and seco both end in -o, which marks the 1st person singular (I). You can add eu for emphasis—De manhã, eu escovo…—but it’s not required.

Why is it escovo and seco, not escova and seca?

Because the subject is “I.” In the present tense:

1st person singular: eu escovo, eu seco
3rd person singular: ele/ela/você escova, seca

So escovo/seco = “I brush/dry”; escova/seca = “he/she/you (formal) brushes/dries.”

Why do they say os dentes and a cara instead of “my teeth” and “my face”?

With body parts, Portuguese typically uses the definite article (o/a/os/as) rather than a possessive when the owner is obvious from context. So:

escovar os dentes = “brush (my) teeth”
secar a cara = “dry (my) face” Use a possessive only for emphasis or contrast: escovo os meus dentes (uncommon unless you’re stressing “my”). To talk about someone else’s face, add an indirect object: seco‑lhe a cara = “I dry his/her face.”

Shouldn’t it be reflexive, like Spanish “me lavo la cara”? Why not seco‑me a cara?

In European Portuguese, the usual pattern with specific body parts is NOT reflexive: lavo as mãos, seco a cara, escovo os dentes. You only use me if you don’t name a body part: Depois do banho, seco‑me = “After the shower, I dry myself.” You may hear seco‑me a cara, but many speakers and grammars prefer the non‑reflexive form when a body part is the direct object.

If I do use a reflexive pronoun, where does it go in Portugal?

In European Portuguese, in a simple affirmative clause the clitic goes after the verb (enclisis): seco‑me, not “me seco.” With your sentence starter, it would be: De manhã, seco‑me (if you mean “I dry myself”). “De manhã, me seco” is Brazilian usage.

What’s the difference between escovar os dentes and lavar os dentes?

escovar os dentes = to brush your teeth (with a toothbrush)
lavar os dentes = to wash your teeth; widely used in everyday speech, especially with kids, but escovar is more precise. Both are common in Portugal; escovar is the more “correct/technical” choice.

Is pasta de dentes the normal term in Portugal? What about other options?

Yes. Common options in Portugal:

pasta de dentes (very common)
pasta dos dentes (also common in speech)
pasta dentífrica or dentífrico (more formal/technical) In Brazil, you’ll often hear pasta de dente or creme dental.

Could I just say pasta instead of pasta de dentes?

In context (e.g., in the bathroom), pasta can be used and will be understood. But pasta also means “folder/briefcase” or “paste,” so pasta de dentes is clearer in neutral contexts.

Why is it uma toalha and not a toalha?

Because you’re describing a routine using an unspecified towel. com uma toalha = “with a towel (any towel).” Use com a toalha when a specific towel is meant or already known from context.

Why is it com (with) here? Could I use another preposition?

Com marks the instrument/tool used to do something. escovo… com pasta de dentes; seco… com uma toalha. That’s the natural choice. Alternatives like “usando” (using) are possible but sound less idiomatic in European Portuguese in simple routines.

Is De manhã the usual way to say “in the morning”? What about na manhã or pela manhã?

De manhã is the default for “in the morning.”
Na manhã refers to a specific morning (e.g., na manhã de 12 de março = “on the morning of March 12”).
Pela manhã is far less common in Portugal; you’ll hear it more in Brazil. Avoid à manhã (that would be incorrect here).

Is the comma after De manhã necessary? And why no comma before e?

A comma after a fronted time phrase like De manhã is normal and helps readability but isn’t strictly mandatory. You generally don’t put a comma before e (and) when linking two verb phrases with the same subject.

Is cara the best word for “face” here? What about rosto or face?

All are correct, but register differs:

cara: everyday, neutral in Portugal.
rosto: a bit more formal/literary.
face: formal/technical. So seco a cara is perfectly natural; seco o rosto is a touch more formal.

How would Brazilians typically say this?

A common Brazilian version: De manhã, escovo os dentes com pasta de dente e enxugo o rosto com uma toalha. Notes:

pasta de dente and creme dental are common in Brazil.
enxugar is more common than secar for drying the face.
Clitic placement differs in Brazil (they’d prefer “me seco” over “seco‑me” if using a reflexive).

What tense is this, and how would I say “I’m brushing my teeth (right now)”?

It’s the simple present, which in Portuguese also expresses habits: (Eu) escovo… e seco…. For an action in progress (right now) in Portugal, use estar a + infinitive:

Estou a escovar os dentes.
Estou a secar a cara.

Any quick European Portuguese pronunciation tips for this sentence?

De manhã: de = [dɨ]; manhã has a nasal ã and nh = mɐˈɲɐ̃]
escovo: initial e reduces to [ɨ]; s before c =
os dentes: os = [uʒ]; final s = [ʃ] in Portugal: [uʒ ˈdẽtɨʃ]
pasta de dentes: s before t = [ʃ]; de = [dɨ]
seco: final o ≈
a cara: [ɐ ˈkaɾɐ]
uma toalha: lh = tuˈaʎɐ]

Why is it os dentes (the teeth) when English just says “teeth”?

Portuguese often uses the definite article with general nouns and with body parts even when English wouldn’t. So os dentes is the normal way to express “(my) teeth” in this context.

Can I replace pasta de dentes with dentífrico?

Yes. dentífrico is a (slightly formal) noun for “toothpaste.” You could say escovo os dentes com dentífrico. It’s correct but less common in casual speech than pasta de dentes.