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Eu estou cansado, contudo vou ao mercado.

Eu estou cansado, contudo vou ao mercado.
I am tired, however, I go to the market.
FromLesson 7inHardcore Portuguese (Portugal)

Breakdown of Eu estou cansado, contudo vou ao mercado.

eu
I
ir
to go
estar
to be
cansado
tired
o mercado
the market
contudo
however

Questions & Answers about Eu estou cansado, contudo vou ao mercado.

What does contudo mean in this sentence?
Contudo is a conjunction meaning "however" in English. It is used to introduce a contrast between the two clauses: even though the speaker is tired, they are still going to the market.
Why is the adjective cansado in its masculine form?
In Portuguese, adjectives agree with the gender of the subject. Since Eu (I) is assumed to be male—or if the speaker identifies as male—the adjective takes the masculine form cansado. If a female speaker were using the sentence, she would say "Eu estou cansada."
How is the contraction ao in ao mercado formed, and what does it express?
Ao is a contraction of the preposition a (to) and the masculine definite article o (the). Therefore, ao mercado translates to "to the market."
Why is the verb estou used rather than sou?
Estou is the first-person singular form of the verb estar, which is used to describe temporary states or conditions—like being tired. In contrast, ser (with the form sou) is used for permanent or defining characteristics. Since tiredness is a temporary state, estou is the correct choice.
What is the role of the comma in the sentence?
The comma separates the two contrasting clauses: one stating a condition (Eu estou cansado) and the other indicating an action despite that condition (contudo vou ao mercado). It signals a pause and helps the reader understand that the two parts of the sentence are connected through contrast.
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