Learn Hardcore Portuguese (Portugal): Ontem eu limpei a cozinha, mas hoje vou desenhar. - Yesterday I cleaned the kitchen, but today I am going to draw.

Limpei is the first-person singular (eu) simple past (preterite) conjugation of the verb limpar, which means to clean. It tells us that the speaker completed the cleaning action in the past.

Why is the subject pronoun eu included even though the verb forms already indicate the subject?

In Portuguese, the subject pronoun is often omitted because the verb ending clearly shows who is performing the action. However, eu may be included for added clarity or emphasis, even though it’s not strictly necessary.

What does a cozinha refer to?

A cozinha means the kitchen. The article a is the feminine definite article, and cozinha directly translates as kitchen.

What is the function of mas in the sentence?

Mas means but and serves as a coordinating conjunction that contrasts the two parts of the sentence. The first part describes a past action, while the second part introduces a different, future action.

How is the future action expressed in hoje vou desenhar?

The future action is expressed using a periphrastic construction: vou is the first-person singular present form of the verb ir (to go), and when followed by the infinitive desenhar (to draw), it forms a near-future meaning, similar to saying I am going to draw.

Does desenhar exclusively mean "to draw," or can it have another meaning?

Primarily, desenhar translates as to draw—referring to the act of sketching or creating an image. In some contexts, it might also imply to design, but in this sentence it is best understood as to draw.