W dzień nie mam kiedy odpocząć, bo pracuję do szóstej.

Yes. W dzień here means in the daytime / during the day.

A very natural English equivalent is: During the day, I don’t have time to rest...

A few useful comparisons:

• w dzień = in the daytime, by day
• w nocy = at night
• w ciągu dnia = during the day

W ciągu dnia is often a bit more neutral and common in everyday speech, while w dzień can sound slightly more contrastive, as in in the day, not at night.

This is a very common Polish pattern.

Literally, nie mam kiedy odpocząć means I don’t have when to rest, but in natural English it means: I don’t have time to rest
or
I never get a chance to rest.

Polish often uses:

• mam kiedy + infinitive = I have time / opportunity to...
• nie mam kiedy + infinitive = I don’t have time / opportunity to...

So:

• Nie mam kiedy zjeść. = I don’t have time to eat.
• Nie mam kiedy zadzwonić. = I don’t have time to call.

You can also say nie mam czasu odpocząć, but nie mam kiedy odpocząć is very idiomatic and common.

Yes, but in this structure it works a little differently from standard English.

Normally:

• kiedy? = when?

But in expressions like nie mam kiedy odpocząć, kiedy means something like:

• no time when I can rest
• no moment in which I can rest

So the sentence is not asking a question. It is using kiedy inside a fixed, natural Polish pattern.

This is about aspect, which is very important in Polish verbs.

• odpocząć = perfective
• odpoczywać = imperfective

In nie mam kiedy odpocząć, the perfective odpocząć suggests to get some rest, to rest even once, to complete the act of resting.

That fits the meaning well: I don’t have a chance to rest at all.

If you said nie mam kiedy odpoczywać, it would sound more like: I have no time to be resting / to rest in general as an ongoing activity.

Both can make sense, but nie mam kiedy odpocząć is very natural here.

Because Polish usually drops subject pronouns when they are clear from the verb form.

• mam already means I have
• pracuję already means I work

So ja is unnecessary unless you want emphasis or contrast.

Compare:

• Nie mam kiedy odpocząć. = neutral, natural
• Ja nie mam kiedy odpocząć. = I don’t have time to rest (maybe unlike someone else)

This is one of the big differences from English.

Do szóstej means until six (o’clock).

So:

• pracuję do szóstej = I work until six

The preposition do often means:

• to
• until
• up to

In time expressions, it usually means until.

Examples:

• do piątej = until five
• do siódmej = until seven

Because Polish tells clock time using forms related to ordinal numbers, not the basic cardinal number.

So for clock time:

• szósta = six o’clock
• o szóstej = at six
• do szóstej = until six

The form szóstej is the case form required after do.

You can think of an implied noun: do szóstej godziny = until the sixth hour

In normal speech, godziny is omitted, but the grammar stays.

It is in the genitive case.

That is because the preposition do takes the genitive.

So:

• szósta = basic form
• do szóstej = genitive after do
• o szóstej = locative after o

This is a good pattern to memorize with time expressions rather than trying to build it from scratch every time.

Mostly yes, but the tone changes a little.

• bo = because, since — very common, everyday, conversational
• ponieważ = because, since — a bit more formal or written

So:

• W dzień nie mam kiedy odpocząć, bo pracuję do szóstej. = very natural spoken Polish
• W dzień nie mam kiedy odpocząć, ponieważ pracuję do szóstej. = also correct, but slightly more formal

In normal conversation, bo is probably the more natural choice.

Because in Polish, a comma before bo is normally required.

Polish punctuation is often stricter than English in this kind of sentence.

So:

• ..., bo pracuję do szóstej. = correct

This comma separates the main idea from the clause giving the reason.

Yes, Polish word order is flexible, but the original sentence is very natural.

Original: W dzień nie mam kiedy odpocząć, bo pracuję do szóstej.

Possible variations:

• Nie mam w dzień kiedy odpocząć, bo pracuję do szóstej.
• Bo pracuję do szóstej, w dzień nie mam kiedy odpocząć.
• Nie mam kiedy odpocząć w dzień, bo pracuję do szóstej.

These are understandable, but they may sound less neutral or place emphasis in a different spot.

The original version is a good standard model to learn.

A Polish speaker might very well say this exactly as written, but there are other natural options too.

For example:

• W ciągu dnia nie mam kiedy odpocząć, bo pracuję do szóstej.
• Nie mam kiedy odpocząć w ciągu dnia, bo pracuję do szóstej.

W ciągu dnia is often a little more neutral and explicit than w dzień.

So the original sentence is correct and natural, but it is not the only natural way to express the idea.