Questions & Answers about Mój kolega boi się samolotu, ale ja się nie boję.
What does the little word się do here, and why is it used twice?
Polish bać się is a reflexive verb meaning “to be afraid.” The invariable clitic się is part of the verb; you need it every time you use the verb in a clause. The sentence has two clauses (before and after ale), so you get boi się and ja się nie boję. You cannot drop się in this meaning.
Why is samolotu used—what case is that?
It’s genitive singular. The verb bać się governs the genitive, so its object appears in the genitive: (bać się) samolotu. This is because of the verb itself, not because of the negation in the second clause.
Why isn’t it samolota?
The correct genitive singular of samolot is samolotu. Many masculine nouns have genitive in -u, others in -a; you have to learn which pattern each noun follows. For samolot, standard Polish uses only samolotu (not samolota).
Does samolotu mean “planes in general” or “one specific plane”?