Breakdown of Księgowy planuje rozmowę o nowym projekcie z szefem w poniedziałek.
nowy
new
w
on
o
about
z
with
poniedziałek
Monday
planować
to plan
szef
the boss
projekt
the project
księgowy
the accountant
rozmowa
the conversation
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Questions & Answers about Księgowy planuje rozmowę o nowym projekcie z szefem w poniedziałek.
Why is Księgowy in the nominative case here?
Księgowy appears in the nominative because it’s the subject of the sentence (“the accountant”). Polish subjects take the nominative singular form.
Why is the verb planuje in the present tense and imperfective aspect?
Planować is an imperfective verb (“to plan”), so planuje means “(he) is planning.” If you want to express a completed action in the future (“he will plan”), you’d use the perfective counterpart zaplanuje.
Why is rozmowę in the accusative case rather than the nominative?
Rozmowę is the direct object of planuje and thus takes the accusative singular form (feminine). The nominative would be rozmowa, but here you need accusative.
Why do we say o nowym projekcie? What case is nowym projekcie?
The preposition o (“about”) requires the locative case. Nowym projekcie is the locative singular of nowy projekt (“new project”), used after o to indicate the topic of the conversation.
Why do we use z szefem, and why is szefem in that form?
The preposition z (“with”) governs the instrumental case for accompaniment. Szefem is the instrumental singular of szef (“boss”), indicating “with the boss.”
Why is it w poniedziałek and not w poniedziałku?
Although w normally takes the locative (which would be poniedziałku), when marking specific days of the week as definite time expressions, Polish commonly uses the accusative instead. The accusative singular of poniedziałek is identical to the nominative (poniedziałek).
Can I swap the order of the phrases o nowym projekcie and z szefem?
Yes. Polish word order is relatively flexible. Księgowy planuje rozmowę z szefem o nowym projekcie is equally correct; you’re just shifting which element feels more prominent.
Why say planuje rozmowę (noun) instead of using the verb rozmawiać directly?
Polish often uses planować + noun to express “plan an event.” You could also say Księgowy planuje porozmawiać z szefem o nowym projekcie (“The accountant plans to talk with the boss about the new project”), which uses planować + infinitive and focuses more on the action itself.