Etter å ha spist vafler med bringebær tar hun på seg solbrillene og går ut.

Etter å ha spist means after having eaten or more naturally in English, after eating.

This is a very common Norwegian structure:

• etter = after
• å ha = to have
• spist = eaten (past participle of å spise)

So etter å ha spist literally means after to have eaten, but in natural English we say after eating or after she has eaten.

Norwegian often uses this pattern when one action happens before another:

• Etter å ha jobbet, dro han hjem. = After working / After he had worked, he went home.

Because spist is the past participle of å spise.

In the construction å ha + past participle, Norwegian works like English to have + eaten:

• å spise = to eat
• har spist = has eaten
• å ha spist = to have eaten

So:

• Etter å spise would be incorrect here
• Etter å ha spist is correct

This is because Norwegian is a V2 language in main clauses. That means the finite verb usually comes in second position, even if the sentence starts with something other than the subject.

Here, the first element is the whole time phrase:

Etter å ha spist vafler med bringebær

Then the finite verb comes:

tar

Then the subject:

hun

So the order is:

• Etter å ha spist vafler med bringebær = first element
• tar = verb in second position
• hun = subject

If you started with the subject instead, you would get:

• Hun tar på seg solbrillene og går ut etter å ha spist vafler med bringebær.

Both are grammatical, but the original emphasizes the time sequence.

Å ta på seg means to put on in the sense of putting on clothes, glasses, shoes, etc.

It is a phrasal/reflexive expression:

• ta = take
• på = on
• seg = oneself / herself / himself, depending on context

So:

• hun tar på seg solbrillene = she puts on her sunglasses

This is a fixed expression you should learn as a unit:

• ta på seg jakken = put on the jacket
• ta på seg skoene = put on the shoes

Without seg, the meaning can change or sound incomplete in this context.

Because seg is the reflexive pronoun. It is used when the subject and object refer to the same person.

Here, hun is the subject, and she is putting the sunglasses on herself, so Norwegian uses seg:

• Hun tar på seg solbrillene. = She puts on the sunglasses.

If you used henne, it would mean she is doing something to another female person, not to herself.

Compare:

• Hun vasker seg. = She washes herself.
• Hun vasker henne. = She washes her.

Solbrillene is the definite plural form, meaning the sunglasses.

Forms:

• en solbrille = a sunglass lens / a pair? (singular form, though in practice sunglasses are usually plural)
• solbriller = sunglasses
• solbrillene = the sunglasses

In this sentence, Norwegian uses the definite form because it refers to a specific pair, the one she is putting on.

This is very common with clothing and personal items:

• Hun tok på seg jakken. = She put on the jacket.
• Han tok på seg skoene. = He put on the shoes.

Yes, very often Norwegian uses the definite form where English might use a possessive.

So:

• Hun tar på seg solbrillene can naturally mean She puts on her sunglasses

This is especially common with:

• clothes
• body parts
• personal belongings in obvious context

For example:

• Han løftet hånden. = He raised his hand
• Hun tok på seg jakken. = She put on her jacket

Norwegian can also use a possessive, such as sine solbriller, but the definite form alone is often enough when ownership is clear from context.

Yes. Med bringebær means with raspberries.

So vafler med bringebær means:

• waffles with raspberries

The preposition med usually means with.

It tells you what accompanies the waffles:

• kaffe med melk = coffee with milk
• brød med ost = bread with cheese

Because when two verbs share the same subject, Norwegian often does not repeat the subject.

So:

• tar hun på seg solbrillene og går ut

means:

• she puts on her sunglasses and goes out

The subject hun applies to both verbs:

• tar
• går

You could repeat hun, but normally you would not:

• ... tar hun på seg solbrillene, og hun går ut.

That sounds more repetitive and is less natural here.

Går ut literally means goes out.

It is very common and can mean:

• goes outside
• goes out of the house/building
• leaves in order to be outside

In this sentence, the most natural interpretation is:

• she goes outside / she goes out

It is another common verb + adverb combination:

• gå inn = go in
• gå ut = go out
• komme inn = come in
• komme ut = come out

Mostly yes, but it describes a sequence of actions.

Main clause:

• tar = takes / puts on
• går = goes

These are present tense forms.

But the opening phrase etter å ha spist refers to something completed earlier than the main action. It is not a simple present action; it means the eating happened first.

So the sequence is:

1. she eats waffles with raspberries
2. she puts on the sunglasses
3. she goes out

Even though the main verbs are present tense, the sentence can describe a habitual action, a narrative present, or a general sequence.

Usually, for this meaning, Etter å ha spist is better and more natural because it clearly shows that the eating is completed before the next action.

• Etter å ha spist = after having eaten / after eating
• Etter å spise is generally not the normal choice here

If you want a simpler alternative, you could also say:

• Etter at hun har spist vafler med bringebær, tar hun på seg solbrillene og går ut.

That means:

• After she has eaten waffles with raspberries, she puts on her sunglasses and goes out.

Because vafler means waffles in the plural.

Forms:

• en vaffel = a waffle
• vafler = waffles
• vaflene = the waffles

In the sentence, she ate vafler med bringebær, so the idea is that she ate some waffles or waffles in general, not one specific waffle.

If it were singular, it would be:

• en vaffel med bringebær = a waffle with raspberries

Yes, it is natural and grammatically correct.

It has a slightly written or neatly structured feel because of the opening phrase Etter å ha spist..., but it is absolutely normal Norwegian.

A more conversational version might be:

• Etter at hun har spist vafler med bringebær, tar hun på seg solbrillene og går ut. or even
• Hun spiser vafler med bringebær, tar på seg solbrillene og går ut.

But the original sentence is perfectly good Norwegian.