Breakdown of Forskningen hans viser at vi må redusere avfall og spare ressurser.
vi
we
og
and
må
must
at
that
hans
his
spare
to save
vise
to show
redusere
to reduce
forskningen
the research
avfallet
the waste
ressursen
the resource
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Questions & Answers about Forskningen hans viser at vi må redusere avfall og spare ressurser.
What does Forskningen hans mean, and why is hans placed after the noun?
Forskningen hans literally means “the research his,” which in natural English is his research. In Norwegian, when a noun is in its definite form (here forskningen = “the research”), the possessive pronoun can follow the noun. If the noun were indefinite you could also say hans forskning.
Why is the word at used after viser, and how does it affect word order?
at is the conjunction “that” and introduces a subordinate clause. In Norwegian subordinate clauses introduced by at, you keep the normal subject–verb–object (SVO) order. So you say viser at vi må redusere…, not viser at må vi redusere….
Why is there no å before redusere and spare?
After modal auxiliary verbs like må (must), kan (can), vil (want to), skal (shall) and måtte (had to), you omit the infinitive marker å. That’s why it’s vi må redusere avfall og spare ressurser, not må å redusere.
Why are there two verbs (redusere and spare) joined by og without repeating må?
Because both verbs share the same modal må, you can simply coordinate them with og (and). This construction means “must reduce waste and save resources.”
Why is there no article before avfall and ressurser?
Avfall (“waste”) is a mass noun, and ressurser (“resources”) is in the indefinite plural. In Norwegian, mass nouns and plural indefinites generally appear without an article when you’re speaking about them in a general sense.
What exactly does må mean here, and how strong is the necessity?
Må translates to “must” or “have to.” It expresses a fairly strong necessity or obligation: “It is necessary for us to reduce waste and save resources.”
What’s the difference between avfall and søppel?
Avfall refers to waste in a broad or industrial sense (e.g. factory or recyclable waste). Søppel means household garbage or “trash.” In scientific or environmental contexts, you’ll usually see avfall.
How would you roughly pronounce Forskningen hans viser at vi må redusere avfall og spare ressurser?
A simplified guide:
- Forskningen hans: FORSH-ning-en hans
- viser at vi må: VEE-ser at vee mo
- redusere avfall: reh-doo-SEH-reh OV-fall
- og spare ressurser: oh SPAR-eh ress-OO-sør
Put it all together with even stress on main verbs:
FORSH-ning-en hans VEE-ser at vee må reh-doo-SEH-reh OV-fall oh SPAR-eh ress-OO-sør.