Justeringsskruen sitter ved sokkelen.

Because Norwegian usually writes compound nouns as one word.

So Justeringsskruen is built from:

• justering = adjustment
• skrue = screw

Together, justeringsskrue means adjusting screw or adjustment screw.

Then the ending -en makes it definite, so:

• en justeringsskrue = an adjusting screw
• justeringsskruen = the adjusting screw

This is very normal in Norwegian. Where English often uses two words, Norwegian often prefers one compound word.

The ending -en is the definite singular ending for many masculine nouns in Bokmål.

So:

• en skrue = a screw
• skruen = the screw

and:

• en sokkel = a base / pedestal / plinth / socket, depending on context
• sokkelen = the base / the pedestal / the socket

In this sentence, both nouns are definite:

• Justeringsskruen = the adjusting screw
• sokkelen = the base

That is why there is no separate word for the in front of them. Norwegian usually puts definiteness at the end of the noun instead.

Because in Norwegian, the is usually built into the noun itself.

English:

• the screw
• the base

Norwegian:

• skruen
• sokkelen

So the sentence does not need a separate article before those nouns.

A learner might expect something like den justeringsskrue, but that would not be correct here. The definite ending already does the job.

Not literally.

The verb sitte often means sit, but in Norwegian it is also very commonly used to mean that something is positioned, mounted, located, or fixed somewhere.

So in this sentence, sitter means something like:

• is located
• is positioned
• is mounted
• is found

That is why Justeringsskruen sitter ved sokkelen sounds natural in Norwegian, even though a word-for-word English translation with sits may sound strange.

This usage is very common for objects:

• Skruen sitter fast. = The screw is stuck / fixed firmly.
• Knappen sitter på siden. = The button is on the side.
• Etiketten sitter på flasken. = The label is on the bottle.

Both can be possible in some situations, but sitter is often more natural when talking about the physical placement of an object, especially something attached or fitted somewhere.

Compare:

• Skruen er ved sokkelen. = The screw is by the base.
  This is more neutral and just states location.

• Skruen sitter ved sokkelen. = The screw is situated/mounted by the base.
  This sounds more physical and specific, as if the screw is actually fitted there.

So sitter often gives a better sense of how the object is positioned.

Ved usually means by, near, next to, or sometimes at, depending on context.

So ved sokkelen means:

• by the base
• near the base
• at the base

It suggests proximity, not necessarily direct contact on top of it.

Compare a few common prepositions:

• ved = by / near
• på = on
• i = in
• under = under
• over = over / above

So if something is attached directly on the base, sometimes på sokkelen might be used instead. But ved sokkelen suggests it is located in the area of the base.

Yes. Sokkel can have several English translations depending on context.

Common possibilities include:

• base
• pedestal
• plinth
• socket
• sometimes foundation/base section

In a mechanical or technical context, base is often the safest general choice. In electrical contexts, socket may be correct. In architecture or sculpture, plinth or pedestal may fit better.

So the exact English word depends on what kind of object is being described.

The structure is:

• Justeringsskruen = subject
• sitter = verb
• ved sokkelen = prepositional phrase showing location

So it follows a very normal Norwegian pattern:

Subject + verb + place

This is the same kind of structure you see in many simple Norwegian sentences:

• Boken ligger på bordet.
• Nøkkelen henger ved døren.
• Skruen sitter ved sokkelen.

Yes.

sitter is the present tense form of sitte.

So:

• å sitte = to sit / to be situated
• sitter = sits / is sitting / is situated

In context, it usually means a general present fact:

• Justeringsskruen sitter ved sokkelen. = The adjusting screw is located by the base.

The indefinite singular form would be:

En justeringsskrue sitter ved sokkelen.
= An adjusting screw is by the base.

or, if both are indefinite:

En justeringsskrue sitter ved en sokkel.
= An adjusting screw is by a base.

So the key forms are:

• en justeringsskrue = an adjusting screw
• justeringsskruen = the adjusting screw
• en sokkel = a base
• sokkelen = the base

A rough English-friendly guide would be something like:

yoo-STEH-rings-skroo-en

And sokkelen is roughly:

SOCK-eh-len

A few things to notice:

• j in Norwegian is pronounced like English y
• u in justering is not exactly the English oo, but that rough guide helps
• the r is pronounced, though its exact sound varies by dialect
• the stress is usually near the beginning of the word

If you are learning standard Bokmål pronunciation, listening to native audio is especially helpful with long compound nouns like this.