Hun er grundig.

It follows a very common Norwegian pattern:

• Hun = subject pronoun
• er = present tense of å være
• grundig = adjective describing the subject

So the structure is:

subject + verb + adjective

The adjective here is a predicate adjective, meaning it comes after er and describes hun.

Because hun is the subject form of she.

Use hun when the person is the subject of the sentence:

• Hun er grundig.

Use henne when the person is an object:

• Jeg ser henne.

A quick comparison:

• Hun = she
• Henne = her

Er is the present tense of å være.

A very useful thing for English speakers: Norwegian verbs do not change according to the subject the way English verbs sometimes do.

So you get:

• jeg er
• du er
• hun er
• vi er
• de er

It is always er in the present tense.

Because it is describing one person, and this is the normal base form used here.

With predicate adjectives, Norwegian often shows agreement, especially in the plural, but in this sentence the form is simply grundig.

For example:

• Hun er grundig.
• Han er grundig.
• De er grundige.

So the plural becomes grundige.

Also, adjectives ending in -ig often do not add -t in the neuter singular:

• et grundig svar

So grundig is a very normal form here.

Normally, no.

After er, if you are only using an adjective, you just say:

• Hun er grundig.

If you want to add a noun, then you can use en:

• Hun er en grundig person.
• Hun er en grundig lærer.

So:

• Hun er grundig = correct
• Hun er en grundig = usually not correct on its own

It usually means someone does things carefully, thoroughly, and completely.

It often suggests that the person:

• pays attention to details
• does not rush
• checks things properly
• works in a methodical way

So it is often a little stronger than just careful. It can imply thoroughness and completeness, not only caution.

They overlap, but they are not always identical.

• grundig often emphasizes being thorough and complete
• nøye often emphasizes being careful or particular

For example, a person can be:

• grundig because they investigate everything properly
• nøye because they are very careful about details

In many situations both could make sense, but grundig is a very natural choice when you want to describe someone as thorough in their work or approach.

To make it a question, move the verb to the front:

• Er hun grundig?

To make it negative, add ikke after the verb:

• Hun er ikke grundig.

So the patterns are:

• statement: Hun er grundig.
• question: Er hun grundig?
• negative: Hun er ikke grundig.

A rough guide is GRUN-dig, but that is only approximate.

Two useful notes:

• In many accents, the ending -ig sounds more like -i or -ih than a strong English g
• Norwegian pronunciation varies a lot by dialect

So in many everyday pronunciations, grundig may sound closer to GRUN-di than a fully pronounced GRUN-dig.

This sentence is Bokmål.

In Nynorsk, you would typically say:

• Ho er grundig.

The adjective grundig stays the same here; the main visible change is the pronoun:

• hun in Bokmål
• ho in Nynorsk

Not necessarily. It can mean either:

• she is generally a thorough person, or
• she is being thorough in a particular situation

Context tells you which meaning is intended.

For example:

• Hun er grundig som lærer.
  This sounds like a more general trait.

• Hun er grundig når hun retter tekstene.
  This focuses on how she works in that situation.

So Norwegian uses er for both general qualities and situation-based descriptions.