Markedsprisen på kraftbørsen er lav i dag.

Because Norwegian forms compound nouns as a single word much more often than English does.

• marked = market
• pris = price
• markedspris = market price
• markedsprisen = the market price

So where English uses two words, Norwegian often uses one compound noun.

The ending -en is the definite article attached to the noun. In English, we usually put the before the noun. In Norwegian, the definiteness is often added as an ending.

Examples:

• en pris = a price

• prisen = the price

• en børs = an exchange
• børsen = the exchange

So:

• markedsprisen = the market price
• kraftbørsen = the power exchange

Because Norwegian usually expresses the by adding a definite ending to the noun.

So instead of saying something like the market price, Norwegian says markedsprisen.

A separate word like den can appear in some contexts, but it is not needed here.

På kraftbørsen means on the power exchange or at the power exchange, depending on how naturally you translate it in English.

The preposition på often covers meanings that English expresses with on, at, or sometimes something similar. With institutions, marketplaces, exchanges, and platforms, på is very common.

So here:

• på kraftbørsen = on/at the power exchange

It is not always possible to translate Norwegian prepositions word-for-word, so it is best to learn på kraftbørsen as a natural phrase.

It is a compound noun:

• kraft = power, usually electricity in this context
• børs = exchange, market exchange

So kraftbørsen refers to the electricity exchange or power exchange where electricity is traded.

This is a good example of how Norwegian builds precise meanings by combining nouns.

Because lav agrees with the noun it describes.

Here, prisen is a singular common-gender noun:

• en pris
• prisen

When an adjective is used after er with a singular common-gender noun, the basic form is used:

• Prisen er lav = The price is low

Compare:

• Et nivå er lavt = A level is low
• Prisene er lave = The prices are low

So in this sentence, lav is correct because markedsprisen is singular and common gender.

Because this sentence is using a predicative adjective, not an attributive one.

• den lave prisen = the low price
  
  • here the adjective comes before the noun
• prisen er lav = the price is low
  
  • here the adjective comes after er

In Markedsprisen på kraftbørsen er lav i dag, the structure is:

• subject: Markedsprisen på kraftbørsen
• verb: er
• adjective: lav
• time expression: i dag

Because that is a very natural position for a time expression in Norwegian.

The sentence structure is straightforward:

• Markedsprisen på kraftbørsen = subject
• er = verb
• lav = complement
• i dag = time expression

Putting i dag at the end sounds neutral and natural:

• Markedsprisen på kraftbørsen er lav i dag.

You can sometimes move time expressions for emphasis, but this version is the most ordinary.

It is a standard Norwegian main-clause pattern.

Norwegian main clauses follow the V2 rule, which means the finite verb is in the second position.

Here:

1. Markedsprisen på kraftbørsen = first element
2. er = finite verb in second position

That gives:

• Markedsprisen på kraftbørsen er lav i dag.

If you moved i dag to the front, the verb would still stay second:

• I dag er markedsprisen på kraftbørsen lav.

That is a very useful pattern to notice.

Yes. That is correct.

The meaning is basically the same, but the emphasis shifts slightly:

• Markedsprisen på kraftbørsen er lav i dag = neutral statement
• I dag er markedsprisen på kraftbørsen lav = slightly more emphasis on today

This is a good example of Norwegian word order changing for focus while still keeping the verb in second position.

A rough pronunciation guide for an English speaker could be:

• markedsprisen ≈ MAR-kehds-pree-sen
• på ≈ paw
• kraftbørsen ≈ kraft-BUR-sen
• er ≈ often a short air / ehr
• lav ≈ lahv
• i dag ≈ ee DAHG

A few helpful notes:

• å / på sounds like a long open vowel, somewhat like aw
• ø in børsen does not exist in English; it is somewhat like saying eh with rounded lips
• Norwegian r varies by dialect, so do not worry too much about getting a perfect r at first

Yes, this is standard Bokmål.

Everything in the sentence looks natural and standard in Bokmål:

• Markedsprisen
• på kraftbørsen
• er lav i dag

A Nynorsk version might look different in some places, but this sentence is clearly fine as Bokmål.

A very useful pattern is:

[definite noun phrase] + er + adjective + time expression

For example:

• Prisen er høy i dag. = The price is high today.
• Temperaturen er lav i dag. = The temperature is low today.
• Etterspørselen er stor nå. = Demand is high now.

So this sentence is a good model for making simple factual statements in Norwegian.