Learn Hardcore Malay: Buku ini tipis dan menarik. - This book is thin and interesting.

In Malay, simple descriptive sentences typically drop the copula (“to be”). So Buku ini tipis literally reads “Book this thin” but is understood as “This book is thin.” You only insert adalah (or ialah) in more formal or emphatic contexts (e.g. Buku ini adalah tipis), which sounds stilted in everyday conversation.

Why is ini placed after buku instead of before it like in English? How would you say “that book” in Malay?

Malay uses a noun–demonstrative order. The demonstrative ini (“this”) always follows the noun:
buku ini = “this book”
To say “that book,” swap ini for itu:
buku itu

Why don’t we see any words for “a” or “the” before buku?

Malay has no indefinite or definite articles like English “a” or “the.” Definiteness is implied by context or by adding demonstratives (ini/“this,” itu/“that”). If you need an indefinite sense “a book,” you can use a classifier: sebuah buku. To say “the book,” context usually suffices, or you could say buku itu (“that book”).

Why do adjectives like tipis and menarik come after the noun? Are there exceptions?

The normal order in Malay is noun + adjective:
rumah besar (“big house”), buku tipis (“thin book”)
There are virtually no productive exceptions in everyday language. You might encounter reversed order in poetry or fixed expressions, but for learners the rule is: adjectives follow the noun.

What does dan mean? Can I connect more adjectives with it?

Dan = “and.” It links words, phrases, or clauses. To join more than two items, use commas and put dan before the last one:
Buku ini tipis, ringan, dan menarik
(“This book is thin, light, and interesting.”)

How do I say “these books are thin and interesting”? Do I have to change buku, tipis, or menarik?

Malay doesn’t mark plurality on adjectives, and nouns optionally double to show more than one. An explicit plural form is:
buku-buku ini tipis dan menarik
(“these books are thin and interesting”).
Tipis and menarik stay the same even if you talk about many books. You can also say beberapa buku ini tipis dan menarik (“several of these books are thin and interesting”).

How can I turn this statement into a yes/no question in Malay?

One formal way is to begin with Adakah:
Adakah buku ini tipis dan menarik?
Informally you can add a tag at the end:
Buku ini tipis dan menarik, kan?
or simply
Buku ini tipis dan menarik tak?

Why does menarik have the prefix meN- while tipis doesn’t? Is menarik a verb or an adjective here?

Menarik is formed from the root tarik (“to pull”) plus the Malay verbal prefix meN-, originally meaning “to attract/pull.” In contexts like this, many such verb forms double as adjectives—so menarik functions as “interesting.” Tipis is already a pure adjective root and doesn’t take a prefix.

How would I say “very thin and very interesting” in Malay?

You can intensify with sangat (“very”):
Buku ini sangat tipis dan sangat menarik
Or use amat (“extremely”):
Buku ini amat tipis dan amat menarik
Another colloquial way is to add sekali (“very”) at the end:
Buku ini tipis dan menarik sekali