Pirata navem parat ut nocte e portu exeat.

Because pirata is one of the Latin nouns that is masculine even though it belongs to the first declension.

Many first-declension nouns end in -a and are feminine, but some nouns referring to traditionally male roles are masculine, such as:

• pirata = pirate
• poeta = poet
• agricola = farmer
• nauta = sailor

So in this sentence, pirata is masculine singular nominative, and it is the subject of parat.

Navem is the accusative singular of navis, meaning ship.

It is in the accusative because it is the direct object of parat:

• pirata = the pirate
• navem parat = prepares the ship

So the pirate is doing the action, and the ship is the thing being prepared.

Here ut means so that or in order that.

It introduces a purpose clause, explaining why the pirate prepares the ship:

• Pirata navem parat = The pirate prepares the ship
• ut nocte e portu exeat = so that he may leave the harbor at night

So the sentence is not just saying what he does, but also his purpose in doing it.

Because after ut in a purpose clause, Latin normally uses the subjunctive.

So:

• ut ... exeat = so that he may leave / in order that he leave

This is different from a simple statement like:

• exiit = he left
• exit = he leaves / will leave

The subjunctive here does not mainly show doubt. In this kind of clause, it shows purpose.

The subject of exeat is understood to be the same pirate unless the sentence gives a different subject.

Latin often leaves out subject pronouns when they are clear from the verb ending or context.

So:

• pirata ... parat = the pirate prepares
• ut ... exeat = so that he may leave

Latin does not need to say is (he) here, because the person is already understood.

Exeat is present subjunctive active, third person singular, from exeo, exire (to go out, leave).

In a purpose clause after a present main verb like parat, the present subjunctive is normal.

You can translate it in a few natural ways:

• so that he may leave
• in order to leave
• so that he can leave

The exact English wording may vary, but the Latin idea is purpose.

Nocte is the ablative singular of nox, noctis (night).

Here it means at night. This is an example of the ablative used for time when.

So:

• nocte = at night / during the night

Latin often uses the ablative without a preposition for expressions of time when something happens.

E (or ex) means out of or from, and it takes the ablative case.

So:

• portu is the ablative singular of portus = harbor, port
• e portu = out of the harbor / from the harbor

Latin uses e before some sounds and ex before others, but in many texts the choice can also be stylistic. Both e portu and ex portu are possible in principle.

Latin word order is more flexible than English word order because the endings show the grammatical roles.

In English, word order is very important:

• The pirate prepares the ship

In Latin, the endings already tell you:

• pirata = subject
• navem = object

So Pirata navem parat could be rearranged in several ways without changing the basic meaning, though the emphasis might change.

For example:

• Pirata navem parat
• Navem pirata parat
• Parat pirata navem

All can mean The pirate prepares the ship, but the sentence you were given is a normal, straightforward order.

The sentence has two parts:

1. Main clause: Pirata navem parat
   = The pirate prepares the ship

2. Purpose clause: ut nocte e portu exeat
   = so that he may leave the harbor at night

So the overall structure is:

main action + purpose

That is a very common Latin pattern:

• verb of doing/preparing/sending/etc.
• followed by ut + subjunctive to show purpose

Yes. Ut has several uses in Latin, which can confuse learners.

Depending on context, ut can mean things like:

• as
• when
• so that / in order that
• that (in some result clauses)

But in this sentence, because ut is followed by the subjunctive exeat and clearly expresses the goal of parat, it is best understood as a purpose clause:

• ut ... exeat = so that he may leave

You would normally look them up like this:

• pirata, piratae = pirate
• navis, navis = ship
• paro, parare, paravi, paratus = prepare
• nox, noctis = night
• portus, portus = harbor, port
• exeo, exire, exii/exivi, exitus = go out, leave

This is useful because the sentence shows inflected forms, not always the basic dictionary forms:

• navem comes from navis
• nocte comes from nox
• portu comes from portus
• exeat comes from exeo