Cum feminae e caldario exeunt, balneatrix puellae strigilem dat et unguentum parvum ostendit.

No. Here cum is a conjunction meaning when.

Latin cum can mean two different things:

• cum
  • ablative = with
• cum as a conjunction = when, since, or although

In this sentence, cum feminae e caldario exeunt means when the women come out of the hot room.

Because this is a straightforward time clause, Latin uses the indicative verb exeunt.

Because feminae is the nominative plural here, and it is the subject of exeunt.

A learner may notice that feminae can have more than one possible form:

• nominative plural = women
• genitive singular = of the woman
• dative singular = to/for the woman

But the verb exeunt is third person plural, so the sentence clearly needs a plural subject. That tells us feminae here means the women.

Because the preposition e or ex means out of / from, and it takes the ablative case.

So:

• caldarium = nominative or accusative
• caldario = ablative singular

That is why Latin says e caldario = out of the hot room.

A caldarium is the hot room in a Roman bath complex. It was the heated bathing room.

So e caldario exeunt means the women are coming out of that hot bathing area.

Exeunt is:

• present tense
• active voice
• indicative mood
• third person plural

It comes from exire, meaning to go out or to come out.

You can think of it as:

• ex- = out
• eunt = they go

So exeunt = they go out / they come out.

Balneatrix means female bath attendant or bathwoman.

Here it is nominative singular, because it is the subject of the main clause:

balneatrix ... dat et ... ostendit
= the bath attendant gives ... and shows ...

It is a feminine noun, built to refer specifically to a woman.

Because dat usually takes:

• a direct object in the accusative: the thing given
• an indirect object in the dative: the person receiving it

So in:

balneatrix puellae strigilem dat

• balneatrix = the bath attendant
• strigilem = the strigil
• puellae = to the girl

A learner may notice that puellae is ambiguous in form. It could be:

• nominative plural = girls
• genitive singular = of the girl
• dative singular = to the girl

But with dat, the dative makes best sense, so puellae here is to the girl.

Strigilem is the accusative singular of strigilis, a noun meaning strigil.

A strigil was a curved scraping tool used in Roman bathing to scrape oil and dirt off the skin.

Because it is the thing being given, it is in the accusative:

• strigilem dat = gives a strigil

Yes, ostendit can look like either:

• present: he/she shows
• perfect: he/she showed / has shown

That is a common point of confusion.

Here it is understood as present, because:

• the sentence describes a scene or routine in the present
• it matches dat nicely
• the cum clause also uses present-time narration

So here ostendit means she shows, not she showed.

Unguentum means ointment, perfume, or oil-based cosmetic.
Parvum means small or little.

The adjective parvum agrees with unguentum in:

• gender: neuter
• number: singular
• case: accusative

So unguentum parvum means a small ointment / a little container of ointment / some small amount of ointment, depending on context.

Because Latin word order is much more flexible than English word order.

Both of these are possible in Latin:

• parvum unguentum
• unguentum parvum

They both mean the same thing here. The adjective simply has to agree with the noun. Its position is more flexible than in English.

It most naturally goes with both.

The sense is:

• the bath attendant gives the girl a strigil
• and shows the girl a small ointment

Latin often states a noun once and lets it be understood with a second verb when the meaning is clear.

So even though puellae appears only once, you can understand it with both dat and ostendit.

Because Classical Latin does not have articles like English the and a/an.

So a Latin noun like balneatrix can mean:

• the bath attendant
• a bath attendant

The exact English choice depends on context. The same is true for puellae, strigilem, and unguentum.

Latin relies much more on case endings than on word order.

English needs word order to show who is doing what:

• The attendant gives the girl a strigil

Latin can move parts around more freely because the endings already show the function of each word:

• balneatrix = subject
• puellae = indirect object
• strigilem = direct object

So the sentence does not need to follow strict English-style order. The word order can also help with emphasis or style.