Cum omnia munera recepta erunt, mater omnes convivas ad mensam vocabit.

Here cum means when.

Latin cum can have several meanings depending on context:

• when
• since
• although
• with (but that is a different cum, used as a preposition with the ablative)

In this sentence, cum omnia munera recepta erunt is a time clause, so cum is best understood as when:

• When all the gifts have been received...

Because the clause refers to a future situation, the verb is also in a future form.

Recepta erunt is the future perfect passive.

It is made from:

• recepta = the perfect passive participle of recipio
• erunt = future of sum (they will be)

So literally it means:

• will have been received

That is why the clause means:

• when all the gifts will have been received
• more natural English: when all the gifts have been received

Latin uses the future perfect here because the receiving will be completed before the mother calls the guests.

Latin often uses the future perfect to show that one future action will be completed before another future action happens.

Here the two future actions are:

1. omnia munera recepta erunt = all the gifts will have been received
2. mater ... vocabit = mother will call the guests

The first action happens before the second. So Latin marks that clearly with the future perfect.

A helpful way to think about it:

• recepta erunt = completed first
• vocabit = happens afterward

English sometimes does something similar:

• When all the gifts have been received, mother will call the guests to the table.

Because recepta agrees with munera.

• munera is neuter plural
• so the participle modifying it must also be neuter plural
• the neuter plural nominative form is recepta

So:

• omnia munera recepta = all the gifts received

This agreement is very important in Latin. Participles behave like adjectives, so they must match the noun they go with in:

• gender
• number
• case

Since munera is neuter plural nominative, recepta must be neuter plural nominative too.

Omnia means all and agrees with munera.

• munus = gift
• plural nominative/accusative = munera
• omnia is the neuter plural form of omnis

So:

• omnia munera = all the gifts

Again, Latin requires agreement:

• omnia = neuter plural
• munera = neuter plural

That is why you do not get omnes munera here. Omnes would be masculine/feminine plural, not neuter plural.

Mater is the subject because it is in the nominative case and it matches the verb vocabit.

• mater = mother
• nominative singular
• vocabit = she will call

So mater is the one doing the action.

Even though mater ends in -er instead of a more familiar ending like -a, it is still nominative singular. Not all first subjects look alike in Latin; you have to know the noun’s declension pattern.

Because convivas is the direct object of vocabit, and omnes agrees with it.

• conviva, convivae = guest
• convivas = accusative plural
• omnes = accusative plural masculine/feminine of omnis

So:

• omnes convivas = all the guests

They are in the accusative because they are the people being called.

You can break it down like this:

• mater = the one calling
• omnes convivas = the people called
• ad mensam = where she calls them to

Ad mensam means to the table.

The preposition ad usually takes the accusative case and often means:

• to
• toward
• up to
• sometimes at or near, depending on context

So:

• mensa = table
• mensam = accusative singular
• ad mensam = to the table

This is a very common Latin pattern:

• ad + accusative

That is a very common Latin word-order pattern.

Latin often places the verb at or near the end of its clause:

• Cum omnia munera recepta erunt
• mater omnes convivas ad mensam vocabit

But Latin word order is more flexible than English word order because the endings show each word’s function. So Latin can move words around for:

• emphasis
• style
• rhythm
• clarity

This sentence uses a very normal, orderly Latin arrangement. English relies much more on position, but Latin relies much more on case endings.

Yes. It is a subordinate clause introduced by cum.

It has its own subject idea and its own verb:

• omnia munera = all the gifts
• recepta erunt = will have been received

Then the main clause is:

• mater omnes convivas ad mensam vocabit

So the sentence has:

• a subordinate time clause: cum omnia munera recepta erunt
• a main clause: mater omnes convivas ad mensam vocabit

Vocabit straightforwardly means will call.

In this context, it probably means something like:

• will call
• will summon
• will invite over
• will call to the table

Because of ad mensam, the idea is not just speaking to them, but calling them to come to the table.

So a natural translation would be:

• Mother will call all the guests to the table.

Classical Latin has no definite article like English the and no indefinite article like a/an.

So nouns like:

• mater
• convivas
• mensam
• munera

can mean:

• mother / the mother
• guests / the guests
• table / the table
• gifts / the gifts

The context tells you what sounds most natural in English. In this sentence, English normally wants the:

• the gifts
• the guests
• the table

So the translator adds those words even though Latin does not have them explicitly.