haizoku no mae ni kensyuu wo zyukousuru koto ni natte imasu.

A natural reading is:

はいぞく の まえ に けんしゅう を じゅこうする こと に なって います。

Without the learning spaces, it is normally written as:

配属の前に研修を受講することになっています。

A rough breakdown of the readings:

• 配属 = はいぞく
• 前 = まえ
• 研修 = けんしゅう
• 受講する = じゅこうする
• ことになっています = ことになっています

配属 here is being used as a noun, meaning something like assignment/placement/posting.

So:

• 配属の前 = before assignment / before being assigned

Japanese often uses a Sino-Japanese verbal noun like 配属 as a noun directly, without する, especially in formal or business language.

You could also say:

• 配属する前に

That would mean before being assigned and is also grammatical. But 配属の前に sounds a bit more like before the assignment/placement, treating the event as a noun. This style is very common in formal company language.

The の connects the noun 配属 to 前.

• 前 means before, but when it follows a noun, you usually connect them with の.
• So 配属の前 literally means the before of assignment, or more naturally, before assignment.

Compare:

• 会議の前 = before the meeting
• 食事の前 = before the meal
• 配属の前 = before assignment

If you use a verb instead, you do not use の:

• 配属する前に = before being assigned

So:

• noun + の + 前
• verb dictionary form + 前に

In this sentence, 前に marks the time point before X at which something happens.

So:

• 配属の前に = before assignment

The に here works as a time marker. It tells you when the action 受講する takes place.

This pattern is very common:

• 寝る前に歯をみがく。 = I brush my teeth before sleeping.
• 授業の前にコーヒーを飲む。 = I drink coffee before class.
• 配属の前に研修を受講する。 = Take training before assignment.

Yes, 研修を受ける would also be natural.

The difference is mostly in tone and nuance:

• 受講する is more formal and often used for courses, lectures, training programs, classes
• 受ける is more general: to receive / to take

So:

• 研修を受講する = to attend/take a training course
• 研修を受ける = to receive/take training

In company or institutional language, 受講する sounds especially appropriate because it treats the training as a formal course.

ことになっています means something like:

• it has been مقرر/decided that...
• it is arranged that...
• it is the rule that...
• one is supposed to...

In this sentence, it does not sound like the speaker personally decided it on the spot. It sounds more like an existing arrangement, rule, or company policy.

So the whole sentence has the feeling of:

• It has been arranged that training is to be taken before assignment.
• Employees are supposed to take training before being assigned.

This expression is very common for rules, schedules, procedures, and institutional decisions.

This is a very common question.

ことになる

This often means:

• it has been decided that...
• it turns out that...
• it will come to be that...

It can refer to a decision or resulting situation.

Example:

• 来月から大阪で働くことになりました。
  = It has been decided that I will work in Osaka from next month.

ことになっている

This often means:

• it is مقرر/established that...
• it is the rule that...
• it is set up so that...

It emphasizes an existing arrangement or standing rule.

Example:

• この会社では、配属の前に研修を受講することになっています。
  = At this company, it is the rule that training is taken before assignment.

So in your sentence, なっている suggests this is already an established system or policy.

Yes, in practice it often implies something close to must or are required to, but the nuance is a little softer and more structural.

Instead of directly saying:

• 研修を受講しなければならない = must take the training

it says:

• 研修を受講することになっている = it is arranged/rules say that one takes the training

So the feeling is:

• not a direct command
• but an institutional requirement or expected procedure

This is very common in Japanese formal speech, where rules are often expressed indirectly.

The subject is not explicitly stated.

That is very normal in Japanese. The subject is understood from context. Depending on the situation, it could mean:

• new employees
• people being assigned to a department
• you
• we

Japanese often leaves out information that is obvious from context. In a company handbook or HR explanation, the implied subject would probably be something like:

• employees before placement
• new hires before assignment

So even though English usually wants a subject, Japanese often does not state one if it is already understood.

Here, こと turns the verb phrase into a noun-like unit.

• 受講する = to take/attend
• 受講すること = the act of taking/attending

This lets the whole action become the thing that is decided, arranged, or set as a rule.

So:

• 研修を受講することになっている
• literally: it has become the case that taking the training...
• naturally: it is arranged that the training will be taken

This pattern is extremely common:

• 毎日運動することにした。 = I decided to exercise every day.
• ここでは靴を脱ぐことになっている。 = Here, it is the rule that you take off your shoes.

Yes. A few common alternatives are:

• 配属の前に研修を受けます。
  = We/you take training before assignment.
  Very simple, but it loses the nuance of rule/arrangement.

• 配属の前に研修を受けなければなりません。
  = You must take training before assignment.
  More direct and clearly obligatory.

• 配属前に研修を受講します。
  = Training is taken before assignment.
  Slightly more compact, also common in formal writing.

Your original sentence sounds very natural in business or administrative Japanese because it expresses a standing procedure politely and formally.

Yes, 配属前に is also possible and very common, especially in formal written Japanese.

So both can work:

• 配属の前に
• 配属前に

The version with の can feel a little more explicit and easier for learners to parse. The version without の is more compact and often seen in business writing, notices, and labels.

For example:

• 配属前研修 = pre-assignment training
• 配属前に研修を受講することになっています。

So if you see 配属前, do not be surprised—it is a very normal compressed form.