zyuudenkeeburu wo wasureta node, sumaho no zyuuden ga dekimasen.

No. In normal Japanese writing, this would usually be written without spaces:

充電ケーブルを忘れたので、スマホの充電ができません。

Spaces are often added in textbooks or beginner materials to make the sentence easier to read.

Japanese often leaves out information that is obvious from context.

So this sentence does not explicitly say I forgot the charging cable, but that is the natural understanding in many situations.

A fuller version could be:

私は充電ケーブルを忘れたので、スマホの充電ができません。

But in everyday Japanese, 私は is often omitted because it is already understood.

を marks the direct object of the verb.

The verb 忘れる means to forget, and the thing you forget takes を:

• 鍵を忘れた = I forgot my keys
• 財布を忘れた = I forgot my wallet
• 充電ケーブルを忘れた = I forgot the charging cable

So 充電ケーブル is the thing that was forgotten.

Because the forgetting happened before the current result.

The sentence structure is:

• 充電ケーブルを忘れたので = because I forgot the charging cable
• スマホの充電ができません = I can’t charge my phone

Japanese uses the past form 忘れた because the act of forgetting is already completed, and that past event is the reason for the present situation.

ので means because or since.

In this sentence, it gives the reason in a fairly neutral, soft, explanatory way:

• 充電ケーブルを忘れたので、スマホの充電ができません。 = Because I forgot the charging cable, I can’t charge my phone.

Compared with から:

• ので sounds a bit more gentle, objective, or explanatory
• から can sound more direct or personal

Both are possible here:

• 充電ケーブルを忘れたので...
• 充電ケーブルを忘れたから...

Both mean basically the same thing, but ので often sounds slightly more polite or less blunt.

Literally, it means something like the phone’s charging or charging of the smartphone.

Here, の links two nouns:

• スマホ = smartphone
• 充電 = charging

So スマホの充電 means charging the smartphone.

This use of の is broader than English possessive ’s. It can show many relationships between nouns, not just ownership.

Because できる often uses が for the thing that is possible.

So:

• 日本語ができる = can do/use Japanese
• 泳ぐことができる = can swim
• 充電ができない = cannot charge / charging is not possible

In this sentence, 充電 is treated as the thing that can or cannot be done, so が is natural.

That is why:

• スマホの充電ができません = I can’t charge my phone

not

• スマホの充電をできません

Yes, both are possible.

Common alternatives include:

• スマホの充電ができません
• スマホを充電できません
• 充電できません

Differences:

• スマホの充電ができません focuses on the charging as an action that is not possible
• スマホを充電できません focuses more directly on the phone as the thing you cannot charge
• 充電できません is shorter and very natural if the context is clear

All of these can work in everyday Japanese.

Because できません is the polite negative form of できる.

Forms:

• dictionary form: できる = can do
• plain negative: できない = cannot do
• polite negative: できません = cannot do

So this sentence is using polite style:

• スマホの充電ができません。

A plain-style version would be:

• スマホの充電ができない。

Yes. スマホ is a very common everyday short form of スマートフォン.

So:

• スマホ = casual, very common in speech and writing
• スマートフォン = more formal/full version

In normal conversation, スマホ is completely natural.

They are related, but not always the same thing.

• 充電ケーブル = charging cable
• 充電器 = charger

For example, the cable and the wall adapter together may be thought of as the charger, but strictly speaking the ケーブル is just the cable.

So if you specifically forgot the cord, 充電ケーブル is the right word.

Yes, the Japanese is somewhat flexible.

Because Japanese often leaves out the subject, スマホの充電ができません can be understood as:

• I can’t charge my phone
• Charging my phone isn’t possible

In natural English, I can’t charge my phone is usually the best translation, but the Japanese expression itself is a little less explicit about the subject than English is.