nebusoku ga tuduku to zutuu ga suru node, konya ha hayaku nerukoto ni suru.

寝不足 is a noun meaning lack of sleep or sleep deprivation.

So:

• 寝不足が続く = a lack of sleep continues
• more naturally in English: if I keep not getting enough sleep

Japanese often uses noun-based expressions where English might prefer a full clause.
Compare:

• 寝不足が続く = lack of sleep continues
• あまり寝ない日が続く = days when I do not sleep much continue

Both can work, but 寝不足 is compact and very natural here.

The が marks 寝不足 as the subject of 続く.

So the structure is:

• 寝不足が続く
• literally: lack of sleep continues

Even though English might say if I keep not getting enough sleep, Japanese treats lack of sleep as the thing that is continuing.

続く means to continue.

In this sentence:

• 寝不足が続く = if my lack of sleep continues
• or more naturally: if I keep being sleep-deprived

It is an intransitive verb here, so the situation itself continues.
Japanese often describes ongoing conditions this way.

No. Here と is not the and/with particle. It is a conditional marker.

• A と B = when/if A, B happens

So:

• 寝不足が続くと頭痛がする
• When/If lack of sleep continues, I get a headache

This と is often used when B is a natural, habitual, or automatic result of A.

That fits this sentence well:

• if sleep deprivation continues
• headaches happen

Because the speaker is talking about a regular consequence.

• 寝不足が続くと頭痛がする
• When I keep lacking sleep, I get headaches

This sounds like a general pattern or natural result.

Very roughly:

• と: when/if A happens, B naturally follows
• たら: if/when A happens, then B
• ば: if A, then B
• なら: if it is the case that A / if you say A

Here, と is especially natural because headaches are presented as the predictable result of continued lack of sleep.

Both are possible, but they are slightly different expressions.

• 頭が痛い = my head hurts
• 頭痛がする = I get a headache / have a headache

頭痛 is a noun meaning headache, and する is often used with physical sensations or symptoms:

• せきがする = to have a cough
• めまいがする = to feel dizzy
• 吐き気がする = to feel nauseous
• 頭痛がする = to have a headache

So 頭痛がする is a very natural way to describe the symptom.

Here が marks 頭痛 as the thing that する occurs with.

In this pattern:

• 頭痛がする
• literally: a headache does
• natural English: I have a headache / I get headaches

This is just how this expression works in Japanese. It may feel strange if translated literally, but it is a standard pattern.

Both can mean because, but ので sounds a bit more explanatory, softer, and less direct than から.

So:

• 頭痛がするので、今夜は早く寝ることにする。
• Because I get headaches, I’ll decide to go to bed early tonight.

If you used から, it would sound a little more straightforward or assertive:

• 頭痛がするから、今夜は早く寝ることにする。

Both are grammatical. ので fits nicely because the speaker is calmly giving a reason.

今夜 means tonight.

The は marks it as the topic or sets the frame for what follows:

• 今夜は = as for tonight / tonight,
• 今夜は早く寝ることにする = Tonight, I’ll decide to go to bed early

Using は helps contrast tonight with other times, even if only slightly:

• maybe I have not gone to bed early on other nights
• but tonight, I will

Yes. 早く is the adverb form of 早い.

• 早い = early
• 早く = early, in an early way

So:

• 早く寝る = to go to bed early

This is a common adjective-to-adverb change with -い adjectives:

• 速い → 速く
• 遅い → 遅く
• 早い → 早く

ことにする means to decide to do something.

So:

• 寝ることにする = decide to sleep
• more naturally: decide to go to bed

The structure is:

• dictionary form of verb + ことにする

Examples:

• 日本へ行くことにする = decide to go to Japan
• 毎日運動することにする = decide to exercise every day
• 早く寝ることにする = decide to go to bed early

It often implies a conscious decision by the speaker.

Using just 寝る would simply mean I will sleep / go to bed.

But 寝ることにする adds the nuance of making a decision:

• 今夜は早く寝る。 = I’m going to bed early tonight.
• 今夜は早く寝ることにする。 = I’ve decided to go to bed early tonight.

So the sentence is not only about the action, but also about the speaker’s choice in response to the headache problem.

These expressions are different.

• ことにする = decide to do
• ようにする = make an effort to do / try to do habitually

So:

• 今夜は早く寝ることにする = Tonight, I’ll decide to go to bed early
• 早く寝るようにする = I’ll try to go to bed early / I’ll make a habit of going to bed early

In this sentence, the speaker is making a specific decision for tonight, so ことにする is the better fit.

Yes. The sentence breaks down like this:

• 寝不足が続くと = if/when lack of sleep continues
• 頭痛がするので = because I get headaches
• 今夜は = tonight
• 早く寝ることにする = I’ll decide to go to bed early

So the overall flow is:

1. a condition/pattern: if I keep not getting enough sleep
2. its result: I get headaches
3. the reason marker: so / because of that
4. the speaker’s decision: I’ll go to bed early tonight

It is a very natural Japanese sentence because it moves from cause, to result, to decision.