syatu no sode wo makuru to, araimono ga siyasui.

They are just there for readability, probably for learners. Normal Japanese writing usually does not put spaces between words:

シャツの袖をまくると、洗い物がしやすい。

シャツ is a loanword, originally from English shirt, so it is normally written in katakana. Japanese often uses katakana for foreign-derived everyday words like:

• シャツ = shirt
• パン = bread
• テレビ = TV

の connects nouns. Here it shows the relationship between シャツ and 袖:

• シャツ = shirt
• 袖 = sleeve
• シャツの袖 = the shirt’s sleeves / the sleeves of the shirt

So の is working a lot like of or ’s in English.

It can mean either, depending on context. Japanese nouns usually do not mark singular vs. plural the way English does.

So 袖 could be understood as:

• a sleeve
• sleeves

In this sentence, English would usually translate it as sleeves, because rolling up both sleeves is the natural idea.

を marks the direct object of the verb.

Here, the verb is まくる = to roll up, and the thing being rolled up is 袖.

So:

• 袖をまくる = roll up the sleeves

Here まくる means to roll up or to fold back, especially for things like:

• sleeves
• pant legs
• blinds

So シャツの袖をまくる means to roll up your shirt sleeves.

This is a very natural verb for clothing in this context.

Here と is a conditional, meaning something like:

• if
• when
• whenever

But it often has a nuance of a natural result or general truth.

So:

シャツの袖をまくると、洗い物がしやすい。
= If/When you roll up your shirt sleeves, washing up is easier.

It sounds like a general practical fact.

Yes, but the nuance changes a little.

• まくると: sounds like a general consequence or natural result
• まくったら: more like if/when you do that in this situation
• まくれば: more conditional, sometimes a bit more formal or abstract

In this sentence, と works well because it presents the idea as a general truth: rolling up your sleeves makes washing easier.

洗い物 literally means things to wash or washing-up.

In everyday context, it often means:

• doing the dishes
• washing dishes
• the washing-up

Depending on context, it can sometimes refer more broadly to things being washed, but here it most naturally means doing the dishes.

Because しやすい means easy to do, and the thing being described as easy takes が.

So:

• 洗い物がしやすい = washing up is easy / easy to do the washing

Think of しやすい as describing the activity.

Also, 洗い物 is a verbal noun here, and する is understood:

• 洗い物をする = do the washing
• 洗い物がしやすい = the washing is easy to do

Using を directly before しやすい would sound wrong here.

It comes from:

• する = to do
• verb stem し
• やすい = easy to do

So:

• する → しやすい = easy to do

This pattern is very common:

• 食べる → 食べやすい = easy to eat
• 読む → 読みやすい = easy to read
• 使う → 使いやすい = easy to use

Japanese often omits the subject when it is obvious or unimportant.

This sentence is making a general statement, something like:

• If you roll up your shirt sleeves, washing up is easier.
• Rolling up your shirt sleeves makes washing easier.

The subject is understood generically as you, one, or people in general. Adding 私は would make it more specifically about me.