watasi ha syougakukin wo moratte daigaku ni kayotte imasu.

は marks 私 as the topic: As for me, ...

So 私は does not just mean I in a simple subject sense; it sets up what the sentence is about.

Yes, 私 can often be omitted in Japanese if it is already clear from context. In many real conversations, this sentence would naturally be said as:

奨学金をもらって大学に通っています。

Japanese often leaves out subjects when they are understood.

を marks the direct object of the verb もらう.

• もらう = to receive
• What is being received? 奨学金 = scholarship

So:

• 奨学金をもらう = to receive a scholarship

That is why を is used here.

もらって is the て-form of もらう.

In this sentence, the て-form links two actions:

• 奨学金をもらって
• 大学に通っています

A simple way to understand it is receive a scholarship and attend university, but the て-form is broader than English and. It can show:

• sequence
• background
• means/circumstance

Here it feels like background/circumstance: while receiving a scholarship / on a scholarship, I attend university.

Grammatically, もらう means to receive, so by itself it can refer to the act of receiving.

But in a sentence like this, the meaning is usually broader and more natural in English as:

• I attend university on a scholarship
• I am receiving a scholarship and attending university

So even though もらう is literally receive, the whole phrase often implies an ongoing situation, not just a single one-time event.

Because 通う normally takes に to mark the place someone regularly goes to.

• 学校に通う = attend school
• 病院に通う = go to the hospital regularly
• 大学に通う = attend university

Here, に marks the destination or place of regular attendance.

行く just means to go.

通う means to go regularly to the same place, often as part of a routine. It is commonly used for places like:

• school
• university
• hospital
• lessons
• a workplace

So:

• 大学に行く = go to university (could be one trip, or just the fact of going)
• 大学に通う = attend university / commute to university regularly

In this sentence, 通う is the natural choice because it describes an ongoing routine.

Not necessarily.

通っています is:

• 通っている
  • polite います

With many verbs, ～ている can mean an action in progress, but with 通う, it usually describes a habitual or ongoing repeated action.

So 大学に通っています usually means:

• I attend university
• I am attending university
• I commute to university

It usually does not mean I am on my way to university right this second.

The politeness comes from います in 通っています.

Compare:

• plain: 大学に通っている
• polite: 大学に通っています

So the whole sentence is in a polite style because the final verb phrase is polite. This is very common in normal conversation and writing when speaking respectfully.

Both are possible, depending on context.

Literally, 通う has the idea of going regularly back and forth, so commute to university is close to the original nuance.

But in natural English, when talking about school or university, attend university is often the best translation.

So:

• more literal: I commute to university
• more natural in many contexts: I attend university

In this sentence, attend university on a scholarship is often the smoothest English version.