betu no seki ni suwatte mo ii desu ka.

別の means another or different.

• 別 by itself means different, separate, or another
• の connects it to the noun that follows

So:

• 別の席 = another seat / a different seat

In this sentence, の works like a linker, similar to how English uses a word before a noun: another seat.

席 means seat, place, or spot in a seating arrangement, while 椅子 means the physical object chair.

So:

• 別の席に座る = sit in another seat / another place
• 別の椅子に座る = sit on another chair

If you are in a classroom, restaurant, train, or meeting, 席 is usually more natural because you are talking about your place, not just the furniture.

に marks the location where the action of sitting ends up.

With 座る (to sit), Japanese commonly uses に to show where someone sits:

• 椅子に座る = sit on a chair
• 席に座る = sit in a seat

So 別の席に means in/on another seat.

Usually no. に is the natural choice with 座る.

• へ emphasizes direction or movement toward a place
• に marks the destination/location more directly

Since 座る is about ending up seated in a place, 席に座る is the standard expression.

This is because the sentence is using the grammar pattern 〜てもいいですか, which means May I ... ? or Is it okay if I ... ?

To make that pattern, you need the te-form of the verb:

• 座る → 座って

So:

• 座ってもいいですか = May I sit?

You cannot say 座るもいいですか.

〜てもいいですか asks for permission.

Pattern:

• verb in te-form + もいいですか

Meaning:

• Is it okay if I ... ?
• May I ... ?
• Would it be alright if I ... ?

Examples:

• 入ってもいいですか = May I come in?
• 見てもいいですか = May I look?
• 座ってもいいですか = May I sit?

In your sentence, the full meaning is May I sit in another seat?

In this grammar pattern, も is part of the set phrase 〜てもいい. It does not mean simple also/too here.

So it is best to learn 〜てもいい as one grammar chunk meaning:

• it is okay to ...
• may ...

Trying to translate each word separately can be confusing. As a whole:

• 座ってもいい = it is okay to sit

Yes. 座ってもいいですか is polite and natural in many everyday situations.

Levels of politeness:

• 別の席に座ってもいいですか。
  Polite, standard

• 別の席に座ってもいい？
  Casual

• 別の席に座ってもよろしいですか。
  More formal / more respectful

So the original sentence is a good general-purpose polite way to ask.

Japanese often leaves out the subject when it is obvious from context.

In English, you usually need to say May I sit in another seat?
In Japanese, the I is understood because the speaker is asking for permission for themself.

So even without 私, the sentence naturally means:

• May I sit in another seat?

If you added 私が, it would usually sound unnecessary here.

Yes. In many contexts, 別の席 can mean either:

• another seat
• a different seat

The exact nuance depends on the situation.

For example:

• If someone is already assigned a seat, 別の席 may mean a different seat
• If someone just wants to move, it can feel like another seat

English often forces a choice, but Japanese can leave that slightly open.

Yes, often you can.

• 別の席 = another/different seat
• 他の席 = another/other seat

In many situations, they are very similar.
However, 別の席 can sometimes emphasize different from this one, while 他の席 can feel a little more like some other seat.

For everyday use here, both would usually be understood:

• 別の席に座ってもいいですか
• 他の席に座ってもいいですか

か marks the sentence as a question in polite Japanese.

So:

• 座ってもいいです = It is okay to sit / You may sit
• 座ってもいいですか = May I sit? / Is it okay if I sit?

Because this sentence is asking permission, か is needed in the polite form.

No. Japanese is normally written without spaces.

So the sentence would usually be written as:

別の席に座ってもいいですか。

Spaces are often added only in teaching materials to help beginners see the parts more clearly.