tumetai touhu ni syouyu wo kakete kara, tabemasu.

In Japanese, an い-adjective can directly modify a noun by coming right before it.

• 冷たい = cold
• 豆腐 = tofu
• 冷たい豆腐 = cold tofu

This works much like cold tofu in English.

Compare:

• 冷たい水 = cold water
• 新しい本 = new book

So 冷たい 豆腐 is simply cold tofu.

The particle に marks the target or destination of the action かける in this sentence.

• しょうゆをかける = to pour soy sauce
• 豆腐にしょうゆをかける = to pour soy sauce onto the tofu

So here, 豆腐に means onto the tofu.

This is a common pattern:

• ご飯にふりかけをかける = put seasoning on rice
• アイスにチョコをかける = pour chocolate over ice cream

With かける, the thing receiving the poured item is often marked by に.

Because しょうゆ is the direct object of かける.

• しょうゆをかける = pour soy sauce

The particle を marks the thing being acted on directly. In this case, what you are pouring is soy sauce, so it takes を.

So the structure is:

• 豆腐に = onto the tofu
• しょうゆを = soy sauce
• かける = pour

Together: pour soy sauce onto the tofu.

てから means after doing ....

So:

• かけて = te-form of かける
• かけてから = after pouring

Then the sentence continues with 食べます = eat.

So the sequence is:

1. pour soy sauce on the tofu
2. then eat it

This is a very common grammar pattern:

• 手を洗ってから、食べます。 = I wash my hands and then eat.
• 宿題をしてから、寝ます。 = I do my homework and then sleep.

Because から by itself often means because, but てから is a set grammar pattern meaning after doing.

So these are different:

• かけてから食べます = I eat it after pouring soy sauce on it
• かけますから、食べます would sound like Because I pour it, I eat it, which is not the intended meaning

So て-form + から is the correct pattern when you want to show order of actions.

Because Japanese often leaves out things that are obvious from context.

In this sentence, once 豆腐 has already been mentioned, Japanese does not need to repeat it. So:

• 冷たい豆腐にしょうゆをかけてから、食べます。

naturally means:

• I pour soy sauce on the cold tofu and then eat it.

The object of 食べます is understood to be the tofu.

You could say:

• 冷たい豆腐にしょうゆをかけてから、豆腐を食べます。

but that sounds more repetitive than necessary.

Japanese often omits the subject when it is clear from context.

So this sentence does not explicitly say I, you, or someone. Depending on context, it could mean:

• I pour soy sauce on the cold tofu and then eat it
• We pour soy sauce on the cold tofu and then eat it
• or even a general statement like You pour soy sauce on cold tofu and then eat it

In many everyday Japanese sentences, the subject is simply left unstated.

Not as strictly as in English. Japanese uses particles to show each word’s role, so the order can be somewhat flexible.

The original sentence is:

• 冷たい豆腐にしょうゆをかけてから、食べます。

You could also say:

• しょうゆを冷たい豆腐にかけてから、食べます。

This still means basically the same thing, because:

• に shows the target
• を shows the direct object

That said, some word orders sound more natural than others depending on emphasis and flow. The original order is very natural.

Because Japanese is basically a verb-final language. The main verb usually comes at the end of the clause.

So in this sentence:

• 冷たい豆腐にしょうゆをかけてから、食べます。

the final main verb is 食べます.

Before that, you get the details:

• what is cold: 豆腐
• what goes on it: しょうゆ
• what happens first: かけてから
• final action: 食べます

This verb-final structure is one of the biggest differences from English.

冷たい豆腐 is grammatical and understandable, but in real life Japanese speakers often call this dish 冷奴（ひややっこ） when they mean chilled tofu served cold.

So depending on context, you might also hear:

• 冷奴にしょうゆをかけてから、食べます。

That said, 冷たい豆腐 is still perfectly understandable Japanese, especially for learners or in a simple sentence.

The polite form is:

• 冷たい豆腐にしょうゆをかけてから、食べます。

A plain-form version would be:

• 冷たい豆腐にしょうゆをかけてから、食べる。

The only change here is:

• 食べます → 食べる

The てから part stays the same.

A natural reading is:

• つめたい とうふ に しょうゆ を かけて から、たべます。

Word by word:

• 冷たい → つめたい
• 豆腐 → とうふ
• に
• しょうゆ
• を
• かけて
• から
• 食べます → たべます

So the full reading is:

• つめたい とうふ に しょうゆ を かけて から、たべます。