kanojo wa undou no ato ni nagaku shawaa o abiru.

topic particle

Breakdown of kanojo wa undou no ato ni nagaku shawaa o abiru.

• を: direct object particle
• の: possessive case particle
• に: time particle

Questions & Answers about kanojo wa undou no ato ni nagaku shawaa o abiru.

What does the particle は do here? Could I use が instead?

は marks the topic: “As for her…”. It sets the frame of discussion. Using が would highlight her as the specific doer, often in contrast or as an answer to “who?”.

• 彼女は… = talking about her habit.
• 彼女が… = it’s she (not someone else) who does it.

Why is there a の after 運動 in 運動のあと?

の links the noun 運動 to the noun あと (“after”), making the noun phrase “the time after exercise.” It’s not possession; it’s a noun-to-noun linker. You can also say 運動したあと (“after exercising,” using the verb).

What’s the difference between あとに and あとで? Can I drop the particle?

Both generally mean “after.” Nuance is small:

• あとに slightly emphasizes the point in time (a bit more formal/written).
• あとで is very common in speech. You can also say 運動のあと、… with a comma and omit the particle in casual style.

Should I write 後 instead of あと? What about 運動後?

All are fine:

• 運動のあとに (hiragana for readability)
• 運動の後に (kanji; common in writing)
• 運動後に (compact, slightly formal)