Breakdown of sensei ha gakusei ni mainiti nihongo wo hanasaseru.
はha
topic particle
学生gakusei
student
をwo
direct object particle
先生sensei
teacher
日本語nihongo
Japanese (language)
話すhanasu
to speak
にni
indirect object particle
毎日mainiti
every day
〜させる〜saseru
causative form
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Questions & Answers about sensei ha gakusei ni mainiti nihongo wo hanasaseru.
What is the causative form 話させる, and how is it formed?
To create the causative of the godan verb 話す (to speak), replace the final -す with -させる, giving 話させる. The causative means “to make/let someone speak.”
Why is 学生 marked with に instead of を in this sentence?
In a causative sentence, the person who is made to do something (the causee) is usually marked with に when the action is indirectly caused (e.g., by ordering or allowing). If you directly force someone, you could use を, but that sounds harsh. Here the teacher is ordering, so 学生に is natural.
Who is the grammatical subject, and what role does は play here?
The subject marked by は is 先生 (the teacher). The particle は highlights 先生 as the topic/agent performing the causative action.
What does 日本語を indicate in this context?
日本語を marks the direct object of 話す—the language being spoken. Even in the causative, the underlying verb’s object retains its を marker.
What is the function and placement of the adverb 毎日?
毎日 (every day) is an adverb specifying frequency. Adverbs typically come before the verb or verb phrase they modify, so 毎日日本語を話させる means “make the students speak Japanese every day.”
How do you make this sentence polite?
Convert the plain 話させる to its polite form 話させます. The full polite sentence is:
先生は学生に毎日日本語を話させます。
How are negative and past forms of the causative verb 話させる created?
Since 話させる behaves like an -eru verb, its forms are:
• Negative: 話させない (do not let/make [them] speak)
• Past: 話させた (made/let [them] speak)
• Negative past: 話させなかった (did not let/make [them] speak)
What is the difference between the causative form 話させる and the potential form 話せる?
• 話させる (causative) means “to make/let someone speak.”
• 話せる (potential) means “can speak.”
They look similar but serve different functions: one expresses permission/compulsion, the other ability. Particle patterns also differ:
• Causative: 先生は学生に日本語を話させる
• Potential: 学生が日本語を話せる