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ryourinin ha midori no yasai wo tukatte suupu wo tukuru.

料理人りょうりにん　は　緑みどり　の　野菜やさい　を　使つかって　スープ　を　作つくる。ryourinin ha midori no yasai wo tukatte suupu wo tukuru.
The chef makes soup using green vegetables.
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Questions & Answers about ryourinin ha midori no yasai wo tukatte suupu wo tukuru.

Why is は used after 料理人 instead of が?
は is the topic marker, not the subject marker. It tells you “as for the cook…” and sets the stage for what follows. If you used が (料理人が), you’d be emphasizing “it’s the cook (and not someone else)” who’s doing the action. In this sentence, the cook is already known or assumed, so は marks it as the topic.
Why is の used between 緑 and 野菜?
Here 緑 (the noun “green”) modifies 野菜 (“vegetable”). In Japanese, when one noun describes another, you link them with の. So 緑の野菜 literally means “green’s vegetables,” i.e. “green vegetables.”
Could I say 緑色の野菜 instead of 緑の野菜?

Yes. 緑色 (みどりいろ) means “the color green” and is more formal or explicit.
– 緑の野菜 is perfectly natural and a bit more casual.
– 緑色の野菜 sounds slightly more descriptive, e.g. in a report or scientific context.

Why are there two を particles in this sentence?

There are two transitive verbs here, each needing an object:

  1. 緑の野菜を使って (“using green vegetables”) – を marks 緑の野菜 as the object of 使う.
  2. スープを作る (“make soup”) – を marks スープ as the object of 作る.
What does 使って mean, and why is it in the て-form?
使って is the て-form of 使う (“to use”). In this sentence, it shows the means or method: “using green vegetables.” The て-form also links actions, acting like “and” or “by doing …,” so the sentence literally says “The cook, using green vegetables, makes soup.”
Why isn’t there an article like “the” or “a” before “cook” or “green vegetables”?
Japanese doesn’t have articles (no equivalents of “a,” “an,” or “the”). Context tells you whether something is general, specific, singular, or plural. Here it’s a general statement about what cooks often do.
Why is 作る in plain (dictionary) form? How do we know the tense?
The dictionary form can express a general or habitual action in the present. So 作る here means “makes” in a general sense (“[A cook] makes soup”). If it were past tense, you’d say 作った.
The word order seems different from English. How does Japanese word order work?

Japanese typically follows Subject–Object–Verb (SOV). In your sentence:

  1. Subject/topic: 料理人は
  2. First object (of 使う): 緑の野菜を
  3. Means/connection: 使って
  4. Second object (of 作る): スープを
  5. Verb: 作る
    English is SVO (“The cook uses green vegetables and makes soup”), but Japanese puts the verbs at the end.