sensei wa watashi ga doko ni sunde iru ka shitte imasu.

The teacher knows where I live.

Breakdown of sensei wa watashi ga doko ni sunde iru ka shitte imasu.

• は: topic particle
• 私わたし: I
• 先せん生せい: teacher
• か: question particle

Questions & Answers about sensei wa watashi ga doko ni sunde iru ka shitte imasu.

Why does the sentence use は after 先生 but が after 私?

The particle は marks the topic of the main sentence (“as for the teacher…”), while が marks the subject of the embedded clause (“I” is the one living somewhere). So 先生は sets “the teacher” as the overall topic, and 私が shows who is doing the action inside “私がどこに住んでいる.”

What is the function of か after 住んでいる?

That か isn’t a question-ending particle here, but the marker for an embedded (indirect) question. It nominalizes the clause “私がどこに住んでいる,” turning “where I live” into a noun-like object for 知っている.

Why isn’t there an を before 知っています?

When you embed a question with か, the entire clause already functions as the object of 知っている, so no を is needed. If you used the nominalizer こと instead, you would say 私がどこに住んでいることを知っています, with を.

Why is the verb for “to live” expressed as 住んでいる instead of 住みます?

In Japanese, living somewhere is considered an ongoing state, so you use the –ている form (住んでいる) to express that continuous condition. The simple present 住みます would sound like “I will live” or “I live (habitually),” but 住んでいる specifically means “I am (currently) living.”

Why is 知っている in the –ている form (知っています)?

The verb 知る describes a state of “knowing,” so it naturally appears as 知っている to indicate that state. In polite speech you add the ます-ending: 知っています = “(someone) knows.”