siyakusyo ga zyuuminhyou wo kouhusuru.

It is read:

しやくしょ が じゅうみんひょう を こうふする。

Word by word:

• 市役所 = しやくしょ
• が = が
• 住民票 = じゅうみんひょう
• を = を (pronounced お)
• 交付する = こうふする

So the full sentence is:

しやくしょ が じゅうみんひょう を こうふする。

They are particles marking the roles of the nouns in the sentence.

• 市役所 が marks 市役所 as the subject
• 住民票 を marks 住民票 as the direct object
• 交付する is the verb

So the structure is:

[subject] が [object] を [verb]

Here:

• 市役所が = the city hall/city office
• 住民票を = a residence certificate / resident record document
• 交付する = issues / grants

Both are possible, but they do slightly different things.

• が identifies 市役所 as the grammatical subject
• は would mark 市役所 as the topic

So:

• 市役所が住民票を交付する。
  = The city hall issues the residence certificate.
  This feels like a straightforward statement about who performs the action.

• 市役所は住民票を交付する。
  = As for the city hall, it issues residence certificates.
  This can sound more topical or contrastive, depending on context.

In an isolated example sentence, が is very natural because it cleanly marks the subject.

交付する is a formal, official verb often used in government, legal, and administrative contexts. It means something like:

• to issue
• to grant
• to deliver officially

That is why it fits very well with 市役所 and 住民票.

By contrast:

• 出す is much more general and casual: to put out / send / submit / hand over
• あげる means to give, but it sounds too personal for this kind of official administrative action
• 発行する also means to issue, but it is often used for documents, publications, tickets, etc. 交付する has a particularly bureaucratic, official flavor

So 交付する is a very natural choice in this sentence.

Yes. It sounds formal and administrative.

A big reason is the verb 交付する, which is common in official language. Also, the plain non-polite form する does not make it casual in the sense of slang; it is just the dictionary/plain style. In written explanations, rules, notices, or example sentences, this style is normal.

If you wanted to make it polite, you could say:

市役所が住民票を交付します。

That would be more appropriate in polite speech or formal customer-facing language.

Yes, Japanese word order is more flexible than English, as long as the particles stay there.

For example, these are both possible:

• 市役所が住民票を交付する。
• 住民票を市役所が交付する。

Both mean essentially the same thing, because:

• が still marks the subject
• を still marks the object

However, the usual neutral order is:

subject + object + verb

So 市役所が住民票を交付する is the most straightforward version.

Yes, 市役所 usually means a city hall or municipal office of a city.

Related words:

• 市役所 = city hall / city office
• 区役所 = ward office
• 町役場 = town office
• 村役場 = village office

So if the place were not a city, a different office name might be used.

住民票 refers to an official record of a person's registered residence in Japan, and it often also means a copy of that record issued as a certificate.

In practice, learners often see it translated as:

• residence certificate
• certificate of residence
• resident record

The exact English wording can vary, but in Japanese administrative use, 住民票 is a standard official term.

Yes, that is completely okay in Japanese.

Japanese often leaves out information that is obvious from context or not important to the point being made. Here, the focus is simply on the fact that the city hall issues the document.

If you wanted to include the recipient, you could do so, for example:

• 市役所が申請者に住民票を交付する。
  = The city hall issues the residence certificate to the applicant.

But without that extra information, the original sentence is still perfectly normal.

Yes, a little. It is grammatical and natural in an official or textbook context, but in everyday conversation a person might say something less formal, such as:

• 市役所で住民票をもらえます。
• 市役所で住民票を発行してもらいます。
• 市役所が住民票を出してくれます。

The original sentence sounds like a formal description of an administrative function: The city office issues residence certificates.

So it is natural, but it belongs more to official explanation than casual everyday speech.

Here are some common forms of 交付する in this sentence:

• Plain present/future:
  市役所が住民票を交付する。
  = The city hall issues / will issue the residence certificate.

• Polite present/future:
  市役所が住民票を交付します。

• Plain past:
  市役所が住民票を交付した。
  = The city hall issued the residence certificate.

• Polite past:
  市役所が住民票を交付しました。

• Plain negative:
  市役所が住民票を交付しない。
  = The city hall does not issue the residence certificate.

• Polite negative:
  市役所が住民票を交付しません。

This is because 交付する is a する-verb, so it conjugates like other する compounds.

Because Japanese is basically an SOV language:

• S = subject
• O = object
• V = verb

So a very typical order is:

市役所 が 住民票 を 交付する。
subject + object + verb

English usually puts the verb earlier:

The city hall issues the residence certificate.

Japanese normally saves the main verb for the end of the sentence. That is one of the biggest structural differences English speakers notice.