あります is the polite form of ある, which is used for:
Since 痛み is treated as a thing/state that exists, Japanese uses ある rather than a verb meaning to hurt in this structure.
So 痛みがあります literally means something like:
In natural English, that becomes:
Because います is used for living things such as people and animals.
But 痛み is not a living thing, so Japanese uses あります.
痛み is a noun, meaning pain.
痛い is an i-adjective, meaning painful or it hurts.
Compare:
So the sentence you were given uses the noun form:
This style can sound a bit more clinical, descriptive, or formal than simply saying 痛いです.
Yes. まだ痛いです is a very natural alternative.
Difference in nuance:
So in everyday conversation, a person might often say:
At a clinic or when describing symptoms more carefully, you may hear:
The word order is:
So a very literal breakdown is:
Still, pain exists.
That sounds unnatural in English, so we usually translate it as:
Japanese often leaves out the subject when it is obvious from context.
If someone is talking about their own symptoms, まだ痛みがあります naturally means:
But depending on the situation, it could also mean:
Japanese relies heavily on context, so pronouns like I, you, or he/she are often omitted.
Yes. あります is polite.
Compare:
The polite version is appropriate when:
The plain version may be used in casual conversation or informal writing.
Yes, it is very natural, especially in medical or semi-formal contexts.
Common symptom expressions include:
So まだ痛みがあります is a very useful sentence for describing an ongoing symptom.
Yes, but まだ痛みがあります is the most natural and straightforward order.
You may also hear:
This can sound a bit more focused on pain as the topic of discussion, but the meaning is basically the same.
For learners, the safest pattern is:
まだ + noun + が + あります
So: