Learn Hardcore Italian: Marco ha dimenticato il rasoio in bagno e ora non può radersi. - Marco forgot the razor in the bathroom and now he can’t shave.

ha dimenticato is the passato prossimo, used to describe a completed action that has relevance to the present (he still doesn’t have the razor now). dimenticò is the passato remoto, mainly used in literary or regional storytelling to narrate past events, and dimenticava is the imperfetto, which describes habitual or ongoing actions in the past, not a single completed event.

Why is there no di after dimenticato? I thought when you forget something you use dimenticare di.

Italian dimenticare can be either:

Transitive (forget something): it takes a direct object without di, as in ho dimenticato il rasoio.
Verbal (forget to do something): it requires di + infinitive, as in ho dimenticato di chiudere la porta.
Here Marco forgot an object (the razor), so no di is needed.

Why is the article il used before rasoio? Could we say un rasoio instead?

The definite article il signals that it’s a specific razor Marco normally uses or owns. If you spoke of any razor in general, you could say un rasoio, but here context tells us which one. Italian generally uses the definite article with known or familiar objects.

Why in bagno and not nel bagno or al bagno?

When you refer to rooms by their function (kitchen, bathroom, bedroom), Italian typically uses in + room name without the article: in bagno, in cucina, in camera. Saying nel bagno is possible if you want to stress a particular bathroom (e.g. “nel bagno degli ospiti”), but in bagno is more natural for the everyday room. Note that a bagno means “in the water” or “to take a bath.”

Why is the verb radersi used instead of rasare or another form?

radersi is the standard pronominal verb meaning “to shave oneself.” rasare generally means “to trim” or “to shave off (something else)” and isn’t used for self-shaving. You could also say farsi la barba, which is perfectly idiomatic and equivalent to radersi.

Why is the reflexive pronoun si attached to the infinitive radere (radersi) rather than placed before può?

With modal verbs like potere, object pronouns—including reflexives—can either be enclitic to the infinitive (non può radersi) or precede the conjugated verb (non si può radere). However, placing the pronoun before può often creates an impersonal construction (“one can’t shave”), while enclitic attachment refers specifically to Marco.

Could we say non riesce a radersi instead of non può radersi? What’s the difference?

Yes. non può radersi expresses a physical impossibility right now (he literally has no razor). non riesce a radersi would mean “he can’t manage to shave himself,” focusing on his failure or difficulty, not on a missing tool.

What’s the difference between dimenticare and dimenticarsi? Could we say Marco si è dimenticato il rasoio in bagno?

Both verbs exist:

dimenticare is transitive and takes a direct object: ha dimenticato il rasoio.
dimenticarsi is pronominal and more colloquial: si è dimenticato il rasoio.
Standard Italian prefers the transitive form, but Mi sono dimenticato… is extremely common in spoken language.

Why is the second clause in the present tense (non può radersi) and not past?

Because it describes Marco’s current situation—he forgot his razor and therefore cannot shave himself at this moment. If you said non poteva radersi, you’d be talking about a past inability.