Learn Hardcore Italian: Quando ti alzi tardi, devi sbrigarti per non perdere il treno. - When you get up late, you have to hurry so as not to miss the train.

It means “you get up.” In Italian, the verb alzarsi is reflexive, meaning the subject performs the action on itself. The pronoun ti indicates that you are getting yourself up.

What does "sbrigarti" mean, and how does its reflexive form work?

Sbrigarti translates to “to hurry up” or “to get ready quickly.” The reflexive pronoun ti attached to sbrigare indicates that you must hurry yourself. It shows that the action is performed by and affecting the subject directly.

How does the clause "Quando ti alzi tardi" function in this sentence?

This clause is a temporal (time) subordinate clause introduced by quando, which means “when.” It sets the condition — if you get up late — under which the main part of the sentence applies.

What is the role of "devi" in the sentence?

Devi is the second person singular form of the modal verb dovere, meaning “you must” or “you have to.” It expresses an obligation or necessity, indicating that hurrying is required.

Why is the phrase "per non perdere il treno" used, and what does it indicate?

This phrase means “in order not to miss the train.” It explains the purpose behind the obligation: the reason you need to hurry (sbrigarti) is so that you do not miss your train.

What is the difference between alzarsi and svegliarsi, and why is alzarsi used in this context?

While svegliarsi means “to wake up” (to become alert or conscious), alzarsi specifically means “to get up” (to rise from bed). In this sentence, alzarsi is used because it focuses on the act of getting out of bed late, which then creates the need to hurry.

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