Di kelas debat, kami berbicara secara bergantian agar semua orang didengar.

Di kelas debat is a place expression meaning in debate class or in the debate class.

• di = in / at / on for location
• kelas debat = debate class

Indonesian often puts time or place information at the beginning of the sentence for context. So Di kelas debat, ... sets the scene first: In debate class, ...

You could also say:

Kami berbicara secara bergantian di kelas debat agar semua orang didengar.

That is also grammatical, but the original version sounds natural because it introduces the setting first.

This is a very common learner question.

Indonesian has two words for we:

• kami = we, but not including the listener
• kita = we, including the listener

So kami berbicara means the speakers are talking about their group, and the person being spoken to is not part of that group.

If the speaker wanted to include the listener, they would say:

Di kelas debat, kita berbicara secara bergantian agar semua orang didengar.

That would mean something like In debate class, we take turns speaking so everyone is heard, with the listener included.

Both relate to speaking / talking.

• bicara can be a noun or a verb in everyday use
• berbicara is the ber- form and is a more standard full verb meaning to speak / to talk

In many contexts, they are very close:

• Kami berbicara = We speak / We are talking
• Kami bicara = also common in casual speech

Berbicara often sounds a bit more formal or complete than bicara. In a sentence like this, berbicara fits well.

Secara bergantian means in turns, one after another, or alternately.

Here is how it works:

• bergantian = taking turns
• secara = a word that often turns something into an adverb-like expression, similar to in a ... way or -ly in some contexts

So:

• bergantian = taking turns
• secara bergantian = in turn / alternately

In this sentence, it describes how they speak.

You may also hear simply:

Kami berbicara bergantian.

That is also natural and a bit shorter. Adding secara can sound slightly more formal.

Yes. Bergiliran is another very common way to say taking turns.

For example:

Di kelas debat, kami berbicara bergiliran agar semua orang didengar.

This is very natural too.

A rough comparison:

• bergantian = taking turns, alternating
• bergiliran = taking turns, one after another according to turns

In everyday usage, they overlap a lot. A learner can understand both as taking turns.

Yes, agar and supaya are both common here.

They both mean so that / in order that.

So these are both natural:

• ... agar semua orang didengar.
• ... supaya semua orang didengar.

A very rough feeling:

• agar can sound a little more formal or written
• supaya is very common in speech and writing

In this sentence, either works well.

Didengar is the passive form of mendengar.

• mendengar = to hear
• didengar = to be heard

The passive is used because the important idea is everyone gets heard, not who hears them.

So the focus is on semua orang:

• agar semua orang didengar = so that everyone is heard

This is a very natural use of the passive in Indonesian, especially when the doer is general, obvious, or not important.

The sentence does not say explicitly. That is normal.

In context, it means something like:

• everyone is heard by the others
• everyone is heard by the class
• everyone is heard by the group

Indonesian often leaves the agent unstated in passive sentences when it is understood from context.

If you really wanted to state the agent, you could say something like:

... agar semua orang didengar oleh yang lain.

This means so that everyone is heard by the others. But the original sentence is more natural because the listener can easily infer it.

Indonesian verbs do not change form for tense the way English verbs do.

So berbicara by itself does not specifically mean:

• speak
• are speaking
• spoke
• will speak

The time is usually understood from context or added with time words.

In this sentence, the general meaning is something like a habitual or normal action:

In debate class, we speak in turns so that everyone is heard.

If you wanted to make time clearer, you could add words such as:

• kemarin = yesterday
• sekarang = now
• besok = tomorrow
• sedang = in progress
• akan = will

For example:

• Kami sedang berbicara secara bergantian = We are taking turns speaking
• Kami akan berbicara secara bergantian = We will take turns speaking

The comma separates the opening context phrase from the main clause.

• Di kelas debat = setting / location
• kami berbicara secara bergantian ... = main statement

This kind of comma is common and helps readability, especially when a sentence begins with a place or time phrase.

You may sometimes see Indonesian written without that comma in casual writing, but the comma in the original sentence is perfectly good style.

Both can be translated as everyone / every person, but they are not always used in exactly the same way.

• semua orang = all people / everyone
• setiap orang = each person / every person

In this sentence, semua orang didengar sounds very natural because it emphasizes the whole group being included.

Agar setiap orang didengar is also possible, and it slightly highlights each individual member one by one. The difference is small here, but semua orang is very idiomatic.

Yes, it is natural and clear.

Some other natural versions are:

• Di kelas debat, kami berbicara bergantian agar semua orang didengar.
• Di kelas debat, kami berbicara secara bergiliran agar semua orang didengar.
• Dalam kelas debat, kami berbicara secara bergantian supaya semua orang didengar.

Small notes:

• di kelas debat and dalam kelas debat can both work, though di kelas debat feels simpler and more common
• agar and supaya are both fine
• bergantian and bergiliran are both common

So the original sentence is a good model to learn from.