Dokter perempuan itu terdengar galak di awal, padahal sebenarnya dia hanya ingin pasien disiplin.

These two mean different things.

• dokter perempuan itu = that female doctor
• dokter itu perempuan = that doctor is female

In your sentence, perempuan is part of the noun phrase, describing dokter. So the whole phrase means that female doctor.

In Indonesian, demonstratives like ini and itu usually come after the whole noun phrase, not immediately after the main noun.

So:

• dokter perempuan itu = that female doctor
• rumah besar itu = that big house
• buku baru itu = that new book

This is normal Indonesian word order.

Yes, it is related, but it works differently.

• mendengar = to hear
• terdengar = to sound / to be heard

In this sentence, terdengar galak means sounded harsh/fierce/strict.

So terdengar is not really heard in the direct sense here. It is more like English sound in sentences such as:

• Dia terdengar lelah = He/She sounds tired
• Kalimat itu terdengar aneh = That sentence sounds strange

Galak often means someone seems:

• fierce
• harsh
• scary
• stern

It does not always mean the person is actually angry. In this sentence, that nuance matters: the doctor seemed galak at first, but in reality she just wanted patients to be disciplined.

So galak here is about the impression she gave, not necessarily her true personality.

Di awal literally means at the beginning, but in this kind of sentence it often means at first or initially.

So:

• terdengar galak di awal = sounded harsh at first

It refers to the first impression, not necessarily the beginning of a story in a very literal time-sequence sense.

Padahal introduces a contrast between what seems true and what is actually true.

Here, the contrast is:

• first impression: she sounded harsh
• reality: she only wanted patients to be disciplined

Common English equivalents are:

• but actually
• whereas
• even though
• when in fact

The exact translation depends on context, but the core idea is a mismatch between appearance/expectation and reality.

Because sebenarnya adds extra emphasis to the idea of the real situation.

• padahal = introduces the contrast
• sebenarnya = highlights what is actually true

So together they sound very natural:

• padahal sebenarnya... = but actually... / whereas in reality...

You could remove sebenarnya, and the sentence would still work. Its presence just makes the correction stronger and clearer.

Because the second clause needs its own subject.

The first clause has dokter perempuan itu as the subject. After padahal, Indonesian normally states the subject again:

• Dokter perempuan itu terdengar galak di awal, padahal sebenarnya dia hanya ingin pasien disiplin.

Using dia makes the sentence clear and natural. If you left it out, the sentence would sound incomplete or much less standard.

Indonesian often omits agar or supaya when the meaning is already clear.

So:

• dia hanya ingin pasien disiplin
• dia hanya ingin agar pasien disiplin
• dia hanya ingin supaya pasien disiplin

These all make sense.

The version without agar/supaya is more compact and still natural. It means she only wanted the patient(s) to be disciplined.

Because Indonesian nouns often do not show singular vs. plural unless the speaker needs to make it explicit.

So pasien can mean:

• a patient
• patients
• the patient(s)

The context decides.

In this sentence, it is most naturally understood as patients in general, unless the broader context is about one specific patient.

Here disiplin functions like an adjective, meaning disciplined.

So:

• pasien disiplin = disciplined patient(s)

In the clause dia hanya ingin pasien disiplin, it means she wanted the patient(s) to be disciplined / act in a disciplined way.

This is very common in Indonesian, where adjectives can appear directly after nouns without any extra linking word.